Let's assume that you want to examine the relationship between the number of times a person has been bullied in his/her entire life and his/her level of self-esteem (low, moderate, high). You are not quite sure which statistical test of significance you want to use but decide to go with a chi square test of independence because the formulas are more understandable to you.
a. Identify the IV and indicate the level of measurement.
b. Identify the DV and indicate the level of measurement.
c. Reflect on your decision and state whether the test you chose has been the most appropriate one to use. Also, explain your decision.

Question

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The Answer is a. The IV is the number of times one has been bullied in his/her entire life. The variable is continuous (ratio).
b. The DV is the level of self-esteem (low, moderate, and high). The variable is categorical (ordinal).
c. Chi square is not an appropriate test to use because the IV is continuous, which would allow us to use a more sophisticated test of significance (such as z, t, ANOVA). Although it would be (theoretically) possible to utilize chi square, it is not recommended. As we learned in this chapter, chi square is less powerful than parametric tests (z, t, ANOVA). Next, when utilizing chi square it is less likely that we will reject our null hypothesis and thus it is more likely for us to commit a type II error.

Let's Assume That You Want to Examine the Relationship Between