Question 1

The goal of the Prophet Muhammad was to establish a new religion

Accepted Answer

The goal of Prophet Muhammad was to reform society according to the revelations he received from God (Allah), which he believed were a continuation and fulfillment of previous Abrahamic faiths, not to establish a new religion per se.

Question 2

Muslims consider the Quran a moral and ethical blueprint for a civilized society

Accepted Answer

Muslims believe the Quran is the word of God as revealed to the Prophet Muhammad, providing guidance on morality, ethics, and how to lead a righteous life in society.

Question 3

The Sunna is the superior source of Islamic teaching, because it was received from God

Accepted Answer

The Sunna, which consists of the practices and sayings of the Prophet Muhammad, is considered a primary source of Islamic teaching after the Quran. The Quran is viewed as the superior source because Muslims believe it to be the literal word of God, while the Sunna complements and explains the Quran.

Question 4

Sunni Muslims believe that the political leadership of the Islamic faith should be based on the hereditary succession of descendents of the Prophet Muhammad

Accepted Answer

Sunni Muslims believe that the leadership of the Muslim community (Caliphate) should be elected or chosen among the qualified candidates, not necessarily based on hereditary succession of the Prophet Muhammad's descendants. This belief contrasts with the Shia Muslims' view, who hold that leadership should remain within the Prophet's family.

Question 5

The development of Islam benefitted from the cultural and intellectual traditions of Persia

Accepted Answer

The development of Islam was significantly influenced by Persian cultural and intellectual traditions, including administrative practices, literature, and philosophical ideas, which were integrated into the Islamic world after the Muslim conquest of Persia.

Question 6

The development of a clerical hierarchy is a unique feature of Shia Islam and distinguishes it from Sunni Islam

Accepted Answer

Shia Islam has a distinct clerical hierarchy that includes titles such as Ayatollah and Grand Ayatollah, which is not found in Sunni Islam, where there is no formal clergy hierarchy.

Question 7

Mazalim judges were bound by rules based on Islamic law when they entertained petitions to right a wrong in their courts

Accepted Answer

The answer of Mazalim judges were bound by rules based...

Question 8

The term siyasa sharia means an administration of justice policy that is essentially in conformity with Sharia

Accepted Answer

Siyasa Sharia refers to the aspect of Islamic governance where rulers make policies and decisions aimed at the welfare of the society, in a manner that is not in direct contradiction with the principles of Sharia (Islamic law), thus ensuring that the administration of justice and public policy conforms to Islamic legal and ethical standards.

Question 9

The Hanafi madhhab claimed all legal rules could be found in the Quran and Sunna.

Accepted Answer

The Hanafi madhhab, while placing significant emphasis on the Quran and Sunna, also recognizes the importance of qiyas (analogical reasoning) and the opinions of the Muslim community (ijma) in deriving legal rules, acknowledging that not all legal rules are explicitly found in the Quran and Sunna.

Question 10

The Hanbali madhhab is the official interpreter of Islamic law in Saudi Arabia

Accepted Answer

The Hanbali school is one of the four major Sunni Islamic schools of jurisprudence and serves as the primary source of Islamic law in Saudi Arabia.

Question 11

Sunni Islam and Shia Islam disagree about the principal tenets of the Islamic faith

Accepted Answer

Sunni Islam and Shia Islam primarily disagree over the rightful successor to the Prophet Muhammad, not the principal tenets of the Islamic faith. Both share the core beliefs of Islam.

Question 12

The Quran provides the devote Muslim with an explanation for the legitimacy of Sharia

Accepted Answer

The Quran, being the central religious text of Islam, provides the foundation for Sharia law by offering guidelines and principles on how Muslims should live their lives, including aspects of legal and moral conduct, which legitimizes Sharia in the eyes of devout Muslims.

Question 13

Ijma is a general consensus about a legal ruling that is reached among Islamic legal scholars

Accepted Answer

Ijma refers to the consensus or agreement of Islamic scholars on a particular legal issue, which is considered a source of Islamic law alongside the Quran, Sunnah, and Qiyas.

Question 14

Ijtihad is the process in which Islamic legal scholars determine a rule based on analogy

Accepted Answer

Ijtihad is the process in which Islamic legal scholars determine a rule based on analogy, interpretation, and deduction from the Quran and Sunnah.

Question 15

In Islam, the Prophet Muhammad is the sole source of authority and the lawgiver

Accepted Answer

In Islam, the Prophet Muhammad is considered the final prophet who conveyed the message of God (Allah) as outlined in the Quran. The primary sources of authority and law in Islam are the Quran and the Hadith (the sayings and actions of Prophet Muhammad), not Muhammad alone as a sole lawgiver. Islamic law, or Sharia, is derived from both these sources.

Question 16

In Islamic law, the ancient notion of collective responsibility for damages from a crime was abandoned

Accepted Answer

Islamic law includes the concept of "diyyah" or blood money, which reflects a form of collective responsibility where the offender's family or tribe may contribute to compensation for the victim or their family.

Question 17

Sanctions imposed under Sharia can also be considered religious decisions, because they were inspired by religious texts.

Accepted Answer

Sanctions under Sharia are based on Islamic law, which is derived from the Quran and Hadith, making them inherently religious decisions.

Question 18

In Islamic law, discretionary crimes are not specifically mentioned in the Quran

Accepted Answer

Discretionary crimes (ta'zir) in Islamic law refer to offenses that are not explicitly mentioned in the Quran or Hadith, and thus their punishment is left to the discretion of the judicial authority.

Question 19

Hudud crimes are associated with violations against the rights of an individual

Accepted Answer

Hudud crimes are considered crimes against God in Islamic law, with fixed punishments that are outlined in the Quran and Hadith.

Question 20

Quesas crimes are associated with offenses against the social order or security of the community of believers

Accepted Answer

The answer of Quesas crimes are associated with offenses against...

Quiz 7: Islamic Law