Question 1

What is a term used to describe the subtle energy running through the body?

Accepted Answer

Chi is a term used for the subtle energy that runs through the body.
Chi is specific to Traditional Chinese Medicine. Other terms used are ki, prana and life force.

Question 2

Which muscle is responsible for unlocking the kneecap while walking?

Accepted Answer

The muscle responsible for unlocking the knee while walking is the plantaris muscle. It also assists in plantarflexion of the ankle and flexion of the knee. It is often used as a source for tendons when grafting is necessary.

Question 3

When the three curves of your spine are balanced, you are considered to have good what?

Accepted Answer

When the three curves of your spine are balanced, you are said to have good posture. Healthy posture promotes a healthy spine. Good posture also promotes an overall sense of wellbeing, and keeps the nervous system clear from impingements.

Question 4

Where is insulin manufactured?

Accepted Answer

Structures within the pancreas secrete insulin directly into the blood stream. Glucose molecules are unable to pass through the cell membrane on their own. By hitching a ride onto an insulin molecule, the glucose is able to enter the cell. The pancreas is considered part of both the endocrine and digestive systems. In addition to insulin,glucagon, and other hormone secretions, the pancreas manufactures enzymes needed to breakdown fats, proteins, and starches in the digestive track.

Question 5

The hamstrings are responsible for flexing which joint?

Accepted Answer

The hamstrings are responsible for flexing the knee joint. The hamstrings consist of biceps femoris, semimembranosus and semitendinosus. They also assist in knee rotation.

Question 6

Anxiety can lead to which of the following conditions?

Accepted Answer

Anxiety can lead to loss of appetite, constipation or diarrhea, and high blood pressure. All of the psychosomatic responses are results of a breakdown in the mind-body connection. Massage can alleviate anxiety, thereby leading to greater overall health.

Question 7

Name the blood vessels that return blood from the body tissues to the heart.

Accepted Answer

Venous blood vesselsreturn blood from the body to the heart.
An exception is the pulmonary vein, which provides oxygenated blood to the heart from the lungs for circulation to the body. Like arteries, veins graduate in size as they return to the heart.The smallest veins, venules, begin the bloods' return to the heart at the capillary network. The largest veins are nearest the heart. Unlike arteries, venous walls contain very little muscle fiber and lack the elasticity found in arterial walls. Instead, venous blood vessels contain one-way valves that allow blood to flow in one direction only-towards the heart.

Question 8

Which muscle fibers are aligned vertically in the body?

Accepted Answer

Rectus muscle fibers are aligned vertically in the body.
They are parallel to the axis of the body. One example would be rectus abdominus. The direction of the fibers is relative to the action of the muscles.

Question 9

What is the oxidation state of chlorine in potassium perchlorate, KClO4?

Accepted Answer

Begin this problem by considering the oxidation state of oxygen. As in most oxides, oxygen has an oxidation state of -2. Multiply this value by four to account for all of the oxygens, giving a total oxidation value of -8. Potassium has an oxidation state of +1, bringing the total oxidation value to -7. In order to maintain electrical neutrality, chlorine must have an oxidation state of +7.

Question 10

Please describe the pathway involved for formation and excretion of urine.

Accepted Answer

Urine begins its formation as the nephrons filter and remove waste from the blood stream.The urine is drained from the kidney via the ureters to the bladder, a urineholding tank. When the bladder becomes full enough, nerves signal the need to urinate, the urethra is the tube that connects the bladder to the outside of the body,and voilà, urination!

Question 11

The half-life of 32 grams of a radioactive substance is 6.5 hours. How many grams of the substance remain after 19.5 hours?

Accepted Answer

The half-life of a substance is the amount of time required for the substance to decay to half of its original mass. In the context of the question, 19.5 hours represents three half-lives. Therefore, the substance will be reduced to (1/2)³ or 1/8 its original mass. 1/8 x 32 gives the correct answer of 4 grams.

Question 12

Which of the following elements displays bonding characterized by a delocalized "sea of electrons?"

Accepted Answer

The delocalized "sea of electrons" model describes bonding in metals. Therefore, the only metal, copper, must display this type of bonding.

Question 13

The autonomic nervous system consists of what two parts?

Accepted Answer

The autonomic nervous system consists of the sympathetic and parasympathetic. The parasympathetic system sends out signals from the thoracic and lumbar vertebral areas. The parasympathetic system sends its signals from the cranial and sacral vertebral areas.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes eversion of the foot?

Accepted Answer

Lateral movement of the sole of the foot is eversion. The Fibularis muscles conduct foot eversion. Eversion testing during assessment can indicate tension in the ankle joint.

Question 15

What is the most likely explanation for leaves wrapped in white construction paper having the lowest amount of chlorophyll?

Accepted Answer

The white paper prevented sunlight from being absorbed by the leaves.
Key Takeaway: The color of an item is the result of what shade of light it absorbs. All other shades are light are reflected. Items appear white only when they reflect all colors of light and absorb none. Since the white paper is reflecting all spectrums of light, no light will reach the leaves to promote photosynthesis.

Question 16

Round 567.342 to the nearest hundredth. What is the answer?

Accepted Answer

-567.342 rounded to the nearest hundredth is 567.34. The 4 is in the hundredths place. Since it is followed by the number 2, which is less than 5, you would round down and keep the 4.

Question 17

Which of the following is a prime number?

Accepted Answer

- 23 is a prime number. A prime number is a number that can only be divided by itself and by the number 1, without a remainder. 50, 25, and 6 can all be divided by numbers other than itself and 1. Even numbers greater than 2 are never prime.

Question 18

Which of the following uses the doubling method of informal counting to solve the following:
3+4=

Accepted Answer

The doubling method would be 3 + 4 = (3 + 3) +1 = 6 + 1 = 7. Using the doubling method of informal counting involves taking apart a number so that it is the same number as the one being added to it and then adding the difference. It is a way to do mental math easily in one's head.

Question 19

If x, y, and z are integers with x?y and y>z, which of the following could x, y, and z represent (respectively)?

Accepted Answer

­x=­3, y=­2, z=­3.-3 is less than or equal to ­2, and­2 is greater than ­3.

Question 20

If y = 2x + 1, what is the arithmetic mean of 2x, 2x, y, and 3y, in terms of x?

Accepted Answer

the arithmetic mean of 2x, 2x, y, and 3y, where y = 2x +1 is 3x + 1.
Solution
The arithmetic mean (average) is equal to the sum of the items divided by the number of items.
Average = (2x + 2x + y + 3y)/4 = (4x + 4y)/4 = x + y
Substituting 2x +1 for y: x + (2x + 1) = 3x + 1
Check (assume x = 3): (6 + 6 + 7 + 3(7))/4= 10 = 3(3)+1

Quiz 1: Health Occupations Basic Entrance (HOBE)