Question 1

How many types of exposure exist when ionized radiation interacts with the body?

Accepted Answer

There are two types of exposures that exist when ionized radiation interacts with the body. During whole-body exposure, each gram of tissue in the body 
absorbs equal amounts of radiation. Specific-area exposure causes each gram of tissue to absorb equal amounts of radiation in the area that is receiving the radiation.

Question 2

What type of patient makes frequent office visits and complains of pain?

Accepted Answer

Drug addicts are patients that make frequent office visits and complain of pain. These patients are seeking prescriptions for controlled substances,
 while usually refusing dental treatment; they are referred to as "shoppers."

Question 3

What is the best time for dental treatments during pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

The second trimester is the best time for dental treatments during pregnancy. During the first trimester, there is a high risk for fetal drug effects and a
 danger of miscarriage from nitrous oxide. During the third trimester, avoid use of any unnecessary drugs to aid client comfort and to avoid spontaneous to delivery.

Question 4

What drug induces vomiting and is often abused by bulimics?

Accepted Answer

Emetics induces vomiting and is often abused by bulimics. These patients may suffer xerostomia, therefore instruct clients to drink plenty of water, 
ice chips, or to suck on tart sugarless gum or candy. Major concern is enamel erosion and caries in bulimics due to the acid levels in vomit.

Question 5

Disease control is successful when patients learn new behaviors. A plan for teaching and learning can be designed. To design educational resources, learning domains must be used. How many learning domains are there?

Accepted Answer

There are three learning domains that must be considered in designing educational resources for patients to learn new behaviors. Cognitive
 domain is concerned with knowledge outcomes and intellectual abilities and skills. Affective dome is concerned with attitudes, interests, appreciation, and modes of interest. Psychomotor domain is concerned with technical or motor skills.

Question 6

How many types of instrument handles or ends are there?

Accepted Answer

There are two types of instrument handles or ends. The single-ended hand has one working end. The double-ended handle has two 
working ends. The working ends may be unpaired or paired. The shank connects the ends.

Question 7

There are two types of design characteristic for dental instrument handles. What design decreases the user's control?

Accepted Answer

The dental instrument handle that decreases the user's control in the small diameter design. The instrument has a smooth or flat texture.
 It decreases the user's control as it increases muscle fatigue. Large diameter handles are lightweight and have bumpy texturing that maximizes the user's control and reduces muscle fatigue.

Question 8

What part of the dental instrument makes contact with the patient?

Accepted Answer

The working-end is the part of the dental instrument that makes contact with the patient. The working-end makes contact with the
 tooth or soft tissue to perform the work of the instrument. The working-end begins where the instrument shank ends.

Question 9

What are the three types of dental mirrors?

Accepted Answer

Front surface, concave, and plane are the three types of dental mirrors. The front surface produces a clear mirror image with no 
distortions. The concave surface produces a magnified but slightly distorted image. The plane surface is less easily scratched than the front surface, but produces a double or "ghost" image.

Question 10

What instrument do the terms calibrated and furcation refer to?

Accepted Answer

The terms calibrated and furcation refer to the probe instrument. Calibrated probes have a slender rod-shaped, blunt working-end marked
 in millimeter increments. The furcation probe is a curved and blunt-tipped instrument used to detect and assess bone loss in the furcation areas of bifurcated and trifurcated teeth. The furcation probe has no measurement markers.

Question 11

What instrument has a fine, flexible, wire-like working-end?

Accepted Answer

The explorer instrument has a fine, flexible, wire-like working-end. It provides the best tactile information to the clinician's fingers. 
It is used to locate calculus deposits, tooth surface irregularities, defective margins on restorations, decalcified areas, and carious lesions.

Question 12

What instrument has two cutting edges that meet in a point?

Accepted Answer

The sickle scaler instrument has two cutting edges that meet in a point. The sickle scaler is a debridement instrument
 that has limited use for the teeth crowns.

Question 13

What instrument has two cutting edges that converge in a rounded toe?

Accepted Answer

The universal curet instrument has two cutting edges that converge in a rounded toe. This instrument is one of the most frequently used 
and versatile of all the debridement instruments. It is used both supragingivally and subgingivally.

Question 14

What instrument is limited to use on the enamel surfaces and the outer surface of a calculus deposit?

Accepted Answer

The periodontal file is limited to use on the enamel surfaces and the outer surface of a calculus deposit. The working-ends have straight cutting edges on a flat base. The instrument does not adapt well to curved tooth surfaces.

Question 15

What is the relationship between the face of a calculus removal instrument and the tooth surface to which the working-end is applied?

Accepted Answer

Angulation is the relationship between the face of a calculus removal instrument and the tooth surface to which the working-end is applied. For insertion beneath the gingival margin, the fact-to-tooth surface angulation is between 0 and 40 degrees. For debridement, the face-to-tooth surface angulation is between 45 and 90 degrees.

Question 16

What is moving an instrument in order to produce a stroke?

Accepted Answer

Activation is moving an instrument in order to produce a stroke. It is the action of an instrument in the performance of the task for which it was designed. Hand-forearm activation is made by rotating the hand and forearm as a unit to provide the power for an instrumentation stroke. Digital activation is created by flexing the thumb, index, and middle fingers to move the instrument.

Question 17

What type of stroke is used to remove residual calculus deposits, microbial plaque, and plaque by-products from root surfaces?

Accepted Answer

Root debridement work strokes are used to remove residual calculus deposits, microbial plaque, and plaque by-products from root surfaces. The strokes are done with hand-activated curet sans an angulation of 60-70 degrees. Lateral pressure is light to moderate, with as many strokes as necessary to cover the entire root surface.

Question 18

What type of stroke is used to position the working-end at the base of the sulcus pocket or apical to a calculus deposit?

Accepted Answer

The placement stroke is used to position the working-end at the base of the sulcus pocket or apical to a calculus deposit. The strokes are used to evaluate the tooth surface or the health of the periodontal tissues. Angulation is 50-70 degrees with a light lateral pressure.

Question 19

What type of instrumental strokes display four different directional strokes?

Accepted Answer

Instrumental strokes that display four different directional strokes are the stroke direction. Vertical strokes are parallel to the long axis of the tooth. Oblique strokes are diagonal to the long axis of the tooth. Horizontal strokes are perpendicular to the long axis of the tooth. Multidirectional strokes are a combination of vertical, oblique, and horizontal strokes.

Question 20

What are the categories of stroke characteristics?

Accepted Answer

Overlap strokes, pattern strokes, and length strokes are the categories of stroke characteristics. Overlap strokes should overlap to ensure complete coverage. Pattern strokes focus on calculus deposits using a series of short, firm strokes. Length strokes are short, powerful strokes for calculus removal.

Quiz 1: Dental Assisting National Board (DANB)