Question 1

The most frequent type of abdominal trauma is?

Accepted Answer

A study was conducted regarding incidence of abdominal trauma it was found that the Abdominal trauma was present in 248 of 300 cases, 172 patients with blunt abdominal trauma and 76 with penetrating. The most frequent type of abdominal trauma was blunt force trauma. Its most common cause was due to motor vehicle accidents.

Question 2

The most common cause of penetrating abdominal trauma is?

Accepted Answer

Penetrating trauma is an injury that occurs when an object pierces the skin and enters a tissue of the body, creating an open wound. Penetrating trauma can be caused by a foreign object or by fragments of a broken bone. Usually occurring in violent crime or armed combat. The most common forms of penetrating injuries are commonly caused by gunshots and stabbings.

Question 3

The most frequently injured urologic organ, as consequence of blunt trauma is?

Accepted Answer

The kidney is the most frequently injured urologic organ, with 70% to 80% being a consequence of blunt trauma. Kidneys are injured more often than any of the organs along the urinary tract. Blunt force due to motor vehicle crashes, falls, or sports injuries is the usual cause of injury. Penetrating kidney injuries can result from gunshot or stab wounds.

Question 4

The major sites of hemorrhage in patients sustaining blunt or penetrating abdominal trauma are?

Accepted Answer

The major sites of hemorrhage in patients sustaining blunt or penetrating abdominal trauma are the viscera, the mesentery, and the major abdominal vessels.

Question 5

In abdominal trauma all of the following are most commonly injured abdominal vessels except?

Accepted Answer

Aorta, superior mesenteric artery, iliac artery are the arteries located in the abdomen while arch of aorta is a branch of aorta located in the thorax so arch of aorta will be injured in thoracic trauma while the other three arteries given in the questions are present in the abdomen so they all are commonly injured in abdominal trauma.

Question 6

The most common sign of renal trauma is?

Accepted Answer

The signs of renal trauma are Hematuria (blood in urine) in renal trauma the renal vessels and glomerulus are injured so the blood is also filtered though glomerulus resulting in Hematuria . Other signs are right or left abdominal pain, muscle guarding , low back pain , abdominal bruising, and swelling. Signs of internal bleeding: decreased alertness, dizziness, fatigue, blurred vision, low BP, nausea, vomiting , decreased urine output or inability to urinate. Among these the Hematuria is the most common presenting sign of renal injury.

Question 7

A hollow organ is an organ that contains a lumen, or a hollow space. All of the following are considered hollow organs except?

Accepted Answer

A) Esophagus - This is a hollow muscular tube that transports food and liquids from the throat to the stomach. It definitely contains a lumen.
B) Small intestine - This is a long, coiled hollow tube where most of the digestion and absorption of food takes place. It also has a lumen.
C) Stomach - The stomach is a muscular organ that stores food and begins the digestive process by secreting gastric juice. It has a large lumen.
D) Gall bladder - The gall bladder is a small organ that stores and concentrates bile, a digestive fluid produced by the liver. However, it is not typically considered a hollow organ in the same sense as the esophagus, stomach, or intestines because it does not have a continuous passage for substances to flow through it. Instead, it has a sac-like structure.
Therefore, the correct answer is:
D) Gall bladder - It is not considered a hollow organ in the same context as the esophagus, small intestine, and stomach.

Question 8

A 50 year old patient hit by a truck was brought to the emergency department the patient was hypotensive having abdominal pain and rigidity his abdomen was distended which of the following organs are most commonly injured in abdominal trauma ?

Accepted Answer

Physical injury to the abdominal organs can occur from blunt (car accidents, falls, or sports injuries) or penetrating (gun shot or stab wounds) trauma. The most commonly injured organs from blunt and penetrating sources include the liver and spleen.

Question 9

The occurrence of acute pain at shoulder tip as a result of presence of irritants or blood in peritoneal cavity when the patient is lying down and the legs are elevated this sign is a classical symptom of ruptured spleen what this sign is called ?

Accepted Answer

The occurrence of acute pain at shoulder tip as a result of presence of irritants or blood in peritoneal cavity when the patient is lying down and the legs are elevated this sign is a classical symptom of ruptured spleen and is called Kehr's Sign.

Question 10

A 30 year old patient was brought to the emergency department was history of blunt abdominal trauma the patient was having left shoulder pain left upper quadrant pain and tenderness you suspect that the patient spleen is ruptured you are going to start examination of the patient on which quadrant of the abdomen the spleen is located ?

Accepted Answer

The abdomen is divided into quadrants for the ease of examination and every quadrant has its specific organs located the spleen is located in left upper quadrant.

Question 11

A 30 year old is having blunt abdominal trauma one of the complication of blunt abdominal trauma is peritonitis which one of the following cause immediate peritonitis?

Accepted Answer

Blood will not cause immediate peritonitis and it takes hours for peritonitis to develop .Chemical peritonitis may be abrupt from stomach acids and Bacterial peritonitis may take hours to develop.

Question 12

The main step in the management of patient having a penetrating trauma by Gunshot wounds is?

Accepted Answer

Penetrating abdominal trauma are associated with a high incidence of intra-abdominal injuries and nearly always mandate laparotomy but before laparotomy the patient is hemodynamically stabilized.

Question 13

Which one of the following is correct regarding the definition of abdominal evisceration?

Accepted Answer

Abdominal Evisceration is the removal of the viscera ,the protrusion of an internal organ through a wound or surgical incision, the removal of the contents from an organ or an organ from abdominal cavity.

Question 14

A 30 year old man having penetrating abdominal trauma by knife and his small bowel are protruded out through the wound site all of the following are correct regarding the evisceration of abdominal organs except ?

Accepted Answer

Abdominal eviscerations are a surgical emergency. The protruding organ requires careful cleaning and evaluation prior to reinsertion. Do not attempt to reinsert the organs in the prehospital setting. Cover any protruding abdominal contents with a sterile dressing moistened with sterile saline and place an occlusive dressing over the top.

Question 15

A 25 year old female was brought to the emergency department having penetrating abdominal trauma and her abdominal organs were eviscerated you are going to start management of this patient which one of the following will be first aid in her management ?

Accepted Answer

The first aid for evisceration include checking airway , breathing and circulation , providing first aid for shock , controlling external bleeding, not giving anything by mouth, Watching out for possible vomiting and providing reassurance.

Question 16

A 20 year old patient is having blunt abdominal trauma to the left side of the lower abdomen which one the following organ is not injured/least injured?

Accepted Answer

except liver all of the above are retroperitoneal organs and the liver is in the right side so the chances of liver injury is least.

Question 17

The signs and symptoms of traumatic retroperitoneal Hematoma are?

Accepted Answer

In terms of the diagnosis, the signs and symptoms of traumatic retroperitoneal hematoma include abdominal pain, abdominal mass, abdominal distension , severe back and lower quadrant pain and femoral neuropathy further diagnosis is confirmed by CT and Ultrasonography.

Question 18

The retroperitoneal hematoma in centro-medial zone is usually the consequence of the injury of all of the following structures except?

Accepted Answer

The retroperitoneal hematoma in centro-medial zone is usually the consequence of the injury of duodenum, pancreas or great vessels. While injury to the kidney and colon results in retroperitoneal hematomas in the lateral zone.

Question 19

A 25 year old male was brought to the emergency department with history of trauma to testes which of the following are Symptoms of testicular injury?

Accepted Answer

symptoms of testicular injury are Nausea (especially common with testicular torsion), Bruising or discoloration of the scrotum, Swelling of the scrotum ,Blood in the urine, Difficulty urinating and Fever.

Question 20

A 26 year old women having injury to external genitalia is admitted in gynae ward she had given birth to a child two days ago what is the most likely cause of genital injury in females?

Accepted Answer

Although all of the above are the causes of genital injury in female but child birth is the most likely among them.

Quiz 1: Abdominal and Genitourinary Trauma