Question 1

When assessing a newborn with cleft lip, the nurse would be alert which of the following will most likely be compromised:

Accepted Answer

Because of the defect, the child will be unable to form the mouth adequately around the nipple thereby requiring special devices to allow feeding and sucking gratification. Respiratory status may be compromised when the child is fed improperly or during post op period.

Question 2

A mother asks the nurse about Vitamin A supplementation. The best response is that giving Vitamin A starts when the infant reaches 6 months and the first dose is:

Accepted Answer

An infant aging 6-11 months will be given Vitamin supplementation of 100, 000 IU and for Preschoolers ages 12-83 months 200,000 IU will be given.

Question 3

Which of the following would require careful monitoring in the child with ADHD who is receiving Methylphenidate (Ritalin):

Accepted Answer

Ritalin can affect the child's growth and development. Dental problems are more likely to occur in children under going TCA therapy. Mouth dryness is an expected side effect of Ritalin since it activates the SNS. Also loss of appetite is more likely to happen, not increase in appetite.

Question 4

Which of the following statements by the family of a child with asthma indicates a need for additional teaching:

Accepted Answer

Asthmatic children don't have to avoid exercise. They can participate on physical activities as tolerated. Using a bronchodilator before administering steroids is correct because steroids are anti-inflammatory and they don't have effects on the dilation of the bronchioles.

Question 5

Included in the plan of care of a 7 year old client with diabetes is glucose monitoring. As a nurse, we must be aware that the most accurate way to evaluate the effectiveness of client and insulin therapy over time is the test that measures:

Accepted Answer

GHb test provides an accurate long-term index of the client's average blood glucose level for the 100-120 day period before the test. The more glucose the RBC was exposed to, the greater the GHb percent.

Question 6

Poisoning among toddlers is common because of the ingestion of different things like medicines that looks like candies. What would be the priority plan of care for a toddler who has ingested aspirin:

Accepted Answer

Elevation in body temperature or hyperpyrexia is a manifestation of acute aspirin toxicity. It leads to increase oxygen consumption and heat loss.

Question 7

During a community visit, a mother asks the nurse on how to relieve the itch in a child with chicken pox. The nurse should suggest:

Accepted Answer

The lesions will not be disturbed if you pat them. Also, calamine lotion is an effective drying agent.

Question 8

How would a nurse soothe an infant who was hospitalized and appears to be in pain:

Accepted Answer

Touching the infant while in pain will make him feel secured. This is the best for a distressed infant. Feeding doesn't always comfort an infant.

Question 9

Proper documentation is one role of a nurse. How would a nurse document a clonic episode in a pediatric client with seizure disorder:

Accepted Answer

Usually, a clonic episode leads to spasmodic jerking of the entire body. Clonus is a rapid rhythmic extension and relaxation of groups of muscles throughout the body. During tonic phase, generalized rigidity happens.

Question 10

A nurse conducts teaching among adolescents about STD's. One of the participants asks about early signs or symptoms of syphilis. The nurse should state that it is:

Accepted Answer

Lesions on genitals is the earliest sign of syphilis. During a dark-field exam of the scraping will reveal the causative agent - Treponema pallidum.

Question 11

Robert, a 17-year-old father, consulted a nurse and said "I don't know if I'm using the condoms properly". The nurse should respond correctly that condoms should be:

Accepted Answer

Condoms should be positioned after the penis is erect to ensure proper fit. Lubrication before use will provide more comfort and reduce the likelihood of breakage, but is not always required. Space should be left at the tip of the penis for the semen; most condoms are designed with this in mind.

Question 12

A 15-year-old boy comes to a clinic with complaint of thick urethral discharge. For gonorrhea to be ruled out the nurse should:

Accepted Answer

If the causative agent/organism is present in the genitourinary tract of the client, a culture of the urethral exudates would provide a definitive diagnosis.

Question 13

A mother of an 18-month-old toddler asks the nurse about the diet of her baby. The nurse learned that the baby has iron deficiency anemia. The nurse should suggest:

Accepted Answer

The nurse should suggest bread pudding with raisins. This provides iron and protein; in addition, it can be eaten with spoon which encourages mastery of fine motor muscle. Pumpkin has iron but has spicy taste. A cup of grapes will be difficult to finish for such a young individual.

Question 14

A mother brings her 18-month-old child to the clinic because the child "eats ashes, crayons, and paper." Which of the following information would be most important to obtain first about this toddler?

Accepted Answer

It is important to determine if the child is experiencing any change in the home environment that could cause anxiety that is relieved through oral gratification. A craving to eat nonfood substances is known as aspica.

Question 15

Which of the following interventions would be included in the plan of care for a child with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis to reduce joint pain in the morning just after arising?

Accepted Answer

Sleeping in a sleeping bag keeps the joints warm, therefore more flexible. Thus, joint pain in the morning would be lessened. Increasing bedtime pain medications may help the child sleep but will not decrease early morning stiffness. The child's joints should be kept in an extended position during sleep to maintain function. Lack of sleep such as from awakening the child at night for exercises is a stressor that can lead to exacerbation of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.

Question 16

Which of the following reflects the child's level of moral development when a 2 1/2-year-old child states that the nurse is "a bad girl" after she administers an injection:

Accepted Answer

Children between ages 1 and 3 are at the Preconventional/punishment-obedience stage and determine the goodness or badness of an action in terms of its consequences.

Question 17

When managing an abused child, the nurse should be aware that this child is most likely to do which of the following:

Accepted Answer

Because abused children see violence as an expected way of coping with life, they tend to develop aggressive behaviors toward other children. Many abused children fail to do well in school and are unable to compensate for their abused status. Many abused children have difficulty in establishing relationships, and those that are formed are usually superficial. Even though many abused children use attention-seeking behaviors toward their teachers, they are usually not seeking assistance, just attention.

Question 18

A 6-year old child is admitted at the hospital with a diagnosis of Celiac disease. The nurse is taking health history and expects to find signs like:

Accepted Answer

Muscle wasting and abdominal distention are signs of malnutrition which is present in a child with celiac disease. Other sign is diarrhea, specifically steatorrhea, due to atrophy of the intestinal villi that result to watery stools, malabsorption of nutrients and malnutrition.

Question 19

Nurse Barbara is assigned in the pediatric unit. She is aware that the most reliable indicator of pain in a 2-year-old client is:

Accepted Answer

There are several indicators of pain in pediatric client but changes in behavior is the one that occurs most often. A change in vital signs doesn't always happen even if here's pain. Crying has more than one cause like fear or separation.

Question 20

The nurse is planning to give a 3 year-old child oral antibiotics. Which of the following is the best approach by the nurse?

Accepted Answer

At 3 years of age, a child often feels a loss of control once hospitalized. Providing a choice about how to take the medicine allows the child to express an opinion and have some control.

Quiz 3: Pediatrics