Question 1

The metaphysical view that there are many realities is known as
A)dualism
B)pluralism
C)monism
D)non-dualism

Accepted Answer

Pluralism is the metaphysical view that there are many realities or substances. This contrasts with monism, which posits a single reality or substance, and dualism, which posits two fundamental types, typically mind and matter. Non-dualism generally refers to a concept in spiritual or philosophical contexts where the dichotomy between two opposing forces is transcended, indicating a state of oneness rather than multiple realities.

Question 2

The theory that holds reason as the source of knowledge is
A)idealism
B)rationalism
C)empiricism
D)none of the above

Accepted Answer

Rationalism is the theory that posits reason as the primary source of all knowledge, emphasizing that reality can be understood through the use of reasoning and logic, rather than through sensory experience or empirical evidence.

Question 3

Ontology deals with
A)matter
B)mind
C)being
D)ideas

Accepted Answer

Ontology is a branch of philosophy that studies concepts related to being, existence, or the nature of being.

Question 4

The method of Kant was
A)dialectic
B)critical
C)synthetic
D)speculative

Accepted Answer

Kant's method is known as the "critical" method, primarily because he aimed to critically examine the limits and capabilities of human reason. He sought to critique the foundations of knowledge, rather than merely speculate or synthesize ideas without questioning their basis.

Question 5

The mind body relationship theory of Descartes is known as????????????
A)psycho physical parallelism
B)interactionism
C)pre-established harmony
D)none of these

Accepted Answer

Descartes' mind-body relationship theory is known as interactionism, which posits that the mind and body interact with each other at the pineal gland.

Question 6

Berkeley argues that all knowledge is derived from
A)impression
B)ideas
C)axioms
D)postulates

Accepted Answer

Berkeley, an empiricist philosopher, argues that all knowledge comes from ideas, which are derived from sensory experiences or reflections upon them. He famously posited that to be is to be perceived, emphasizing the role of perception in the existence of objects and the formation of ideas.

Question 7

According to Skepticism knowledge is ????????????-
A)certain
B)possible
C)uncertain
D)none of these

Accepted Answer

Skepticism is a philosophical viewpoint that suggests knowledge is uncertain, questioning the possibility of absolute certainty in knowledge.

Question 8

For Idealism ???????????? is primary
A)mind
B)inference
C)perception
D)soul

Accepted Answer

Idealism posits that reality, or reality as we can know it, is fundamentally mental, mentally constructed, or otherwise immaterial. Thus, the mind (or mental processes) is primary in the framework of idealism.

Question 9

The author of Meditations is
A)leibniz
B)plato
C)descartes
D)spinoza

Accepted Answer

The author of "Meditations" is René Descartes. The full title of the work is "Meditations on First Philosophy."

Question 10

Descartes was a ????????????thinker
A)emperical
B)rational
C)materialistic
D)idealistic

Accepted Answer

Descartes was a rational thinker, emphasizing the use of reason as the best method for acquiring knowledge, which is a hallmark of rationalism.

Question 11

The Problem of Knowledge was written by ????????????
A)aristotle
B)plato
C)a.j ayer
D)collingwood

Accepted Answer

A.J. Ayer is the author of "The Problem of Knowledge," which discusses various issues related to epistemology, the study of knowledge.

Question 12

Who has said that mind has innate ideas
A)spinoza
B)kant
C)descartes
D)hume

Accepted Answer

Descartes is known for the idea that the mind has innate ideas, which are concepts and knowledge present in the mind at birth, as opposed to being acquired through experience.

Question 13

Leibniz defines substance or monads as
A)physical object
B)active force
C)geometrical figure
D)none of these

Accepted Answer

Leibniz defines monads as metaphysical points or simple substances that are active forces; they are not physical objects or geometrical figures.

Question 14

According to Kant ???????????? judgments are always apriori
A)synthetic
B)ethical
C)analytical
D)none of these

Accepted Answer

Analytical judgments are considered a priori by Kant because they are based on the principle of non-contradiction and do not rely on empirical evidence.

Question 15

???????????? admits innumerable monads or spiritual atoms
A)descartes
B)leibniz
C)spinoza
D)hegel

Accepted Answer

Leibniz is the philosopher who proposed the concept of monads, which are indivisible, indestructible, and unique spiritual entities that make up the universe.

Question 16

Who among the following is considered as the Subjective Idealist?
A)spinoza
B)leibniz
C)berkeley
D)none of these

Accepted Answer

George Berkeley is considered a Subjective Idealist because he argued that objects only exist to the extent that they are perceived by a mind. For Berkeley, "to be is to be perceived."

Question 17

Descartes suggests????????????- as absolute substance
A)mind
B)matter
C)god
D)none of these

Accepted Answer

Descartes suggests God as the absolute substance, arguing that only God possesses complete independence and self-sufficiency, characteristics that define substance in the truest sense.

Question 18

The rationalist philosopher ????????????-- wants to give philosophy a stable character like mathematics
A)kant
B)descartes
C)plato
D)aristotle

Accepted Answer

Descartes is known for his desire to establish a firm foundation for scientific knowledge, similar to the certainty found in mathematics. He sought to apply a method of doubt to all his beliefs to find indubitable truths, aiming to give philosophy a stable, mathematical-like character.

Question 19

'An Essay concerning human Understanding' is the work of????????????-
A)spinoza
B)descartes
C)hume
D)none of these

Accepted Answer

'An Essay concerning human Understanding' is the work of David Hume.

Question 20

????????????-- is the method adopted by Kant
A)inductive
B)deductive
C)empirical
D)transcendental

Accepted Answer

Kant is known for his transcendental method, which seeks to understand the conditions of possibility for knowledge and experience. This approach is distinct from empirical (based on observation or experience), inductive (generalizing from specific instances), and deductive (reasoning from general principles to specific cases) methods.

Quiz 1: Philosophy: Exploring Reality and Knowledge

The metaphysical view that there are many realities is known as

The theory that holds reason as the source of knowledge is

Ontology deals with

The method of Kant was

The mind body relationship theory of Descartes is known as????????????

Berkeley argues that all knowledge is derived from

According to Skepticism knowledge is ????????????-

For Idealism ???????????? is primary

The author of Meditations is

Descartes was a ????????????thinker

The Problem of Knowledge was written by ????????????

Who has said that mind has innate ideas

Leibniz defines substance or monads as

According to Kant ???????????? judgments are always apriori

???????????? admits innumerable monads or spiritual atoms

Who among the following is considered as the Subjective Idealist?

Descartes suggests????????????- as absolute substance

The rationalist philosopher ????????????-- wants to give philosophy a stable character like mathematics

'An Essay concerning human Understanding' is the work of????????????-

????????????-- is the method adopted by Kant