Question 1

Mean age for menopause is:

Accepted Answer

The mean age for menopause is approximately 51 years. This is the average age at which women experience the cessation of menstrual periods, marking the end of reproductive capability.

Question 2

Second degree uterovaginal prolapse is characterized by:

Accepted Answer

D

Question 3

A 63 years old lady presents with abdominal mass and weight loss, was diagnosed as having an ovarian tumour. The most common ovarian tumour in this woman would be:

Accepted Answer

Epithelial tumours are the most common type of ovarian tumours, accounting for about 90% of ovarian cancers. They are especially prevalent in women over the age of 50.

Question 4

A young girl, 23 years old is presented with complaint of abdominal pain, menorrhagia and 18 weeks size mass arising from hypogastrium. The most likely diagnosis is:

Accepted Answer

The most likely diagnosis for a young woman presenting with abdominal pain, menorrhagia, and an 18 weeks size mass arising from the hypogastrium is fibroid uterus. Fibroids are benign tumors of the uterus that can cause these symptoms.

Question 5

A 25 years old school teacher Para 1 wants to use oral contraceptive pills for contraception. She is asking about the mode of action of oral contraceptive pills. The mechanism of action of oral contraceptive pills is:

Accepted Answer

Oral contraceptive pills work by inhibiting ovulation by suppressing serum FSH.

Question 6

Women complaining of milky whitish discharge with fishy odour. No history of itching. Most likely diagnosis is:

Accepted Answer

The most likely diagnosis is bacterial vaginosis, which is characterized by a milky whitish discharge with a fishy odor and typically does not involve itching. This differentiates it from conditions like trichomoniasis and candidiasis, which often cause itching.

Question 7

A young medical student has come to you with complaints of oligomenorrrhea, hirsuitism and weight gain, ultrasound reveals bulky ovaries with sub-capsular cysts. Most likely diagnosis is:

Accepted Answer

The symptoms of oligomenorrhea, hirsutism, weight gain, and the ultrasound findings of bulky ovaries with sub-capsular cysts are characteristic of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), making option C the most likely diagnosis.

Question 8

A 43 year old, lecturer has come to you with complaints of heavy but regular menstrual bleeding with flooding and clots. There is no anatomical reason for heavy flow. The most effective remedy for reducing her menstrual flow is:

Accepted Answer

Tranexamic acid is an antifibrinolytic agent that helps reduce menstrual bleeding by preventing the breakdown of blood clots, making it effective for managing heavy menstrual bleeding.

Question 9

A 39 years old women Para 6 has presented with complaint of post coital bleeding for the past three months. Your first investigation should be:

Accepted Answer

Pap smear is the initial investigation of choice for a woman presenting with post-coital bleeding, as it is a non-invasive method to screen for cervical pathology, including cervical cancer or precancerous conditions.

Question 10

A 28 years old woman has 14 weeks size irregular uterus. She does not complain of abdominal pain or menorrhagia. Her pap smear is normal. The best next step in her management would be:

Accepted Answer

Pelvic ultrasonography is the best next step in evaluating an irregularly sized uterus to determine the cause, such as fibroids or other abnormalities, especially when the patient does not have symptoms like pain or heavy bleeding.

Question 11

The most effective treatment of pruritis vulvae associated with atrophic vulvitis is:

Accepted Answer

Topical estrogen therapy is the most effective treatment for pruritis vulvae associated with atrophic vulvitis because it addresses the underlying cause, which is estrogen deficiency leading to thinning and inflammation of the vulvar tissues.

Question 12

The most common cause of rectovaginal fistula is:

Accepted Answer

Obstetrical trauma is the most common cause of rectovaginal fistulas, often resulting from childbirth complications such as a difficult or prolonged labor leading to injury.

Question 13

A 40 years old multiparous woman complains of involuntary loss of urine associated with coughing, laughing, lifting or standing. The history is most suggestive of:

Accepted Answer

The symptoms described by the woman are classic for stress incontinence, which is the involuntary loss of urine due to increased intra-abdominal pressure (such as coughing, laughing, lifting, or standing) in the absence of bladder muscle contraction.

Question 14

A 28 years old G3 P2 has presented with complaints of brownish vaginal discharge, passage of vesicles and excessive vomiting. Ultrasound scan shows snowstorm appearance in uterus with no fetus. The most likely diagnosis is:

Accepted Answer

The symptoms and ultrasound findings of a "snowstorm" appearance with no fetus are characteristic of gestational trophoblastic disease, which includes conditions like molar pregnancy.

Question 15

The maximum number of oogonia are formed at what age of female life:

Accepted Answer

The maximum number of oogonia in females is formed by the fifth month of intrauterine life. After this period, no new oogonia are produced, and their number decreases over time.

Question 16

Menarche usually occurs at age of:

Accepted Answer

Menarche, the first menstrual cycle, typically occurs between the ages of 11 and 13 years. This marks the onset of puberty in females.

Question 17

The most common cause of vesicovaginal fistula (VVF) in under developed countries would be:

Accepted Answer

Obstetrical injuries are the most common cause of vesicovaginal fistula (VVF) in underdeveloped countries, often due to prolonged and obstructed labor without adequate medical intervention.

Question 18

A 28 year old patient complains of amenorrhea after having dilatation and curettage. The most likely diagnosis is:

Accepted Answer

Asherman's Syndrome is a condition characterized by the formation of scar tissue (adhesions) in the uterus, which can occur after a procedure like dilatation and curettage. This can lead to amenorrhea (absence of menstruation) as the scar tissue can interfere with the normal shedding and rebuilding of the uterine lining.

Question 19

A large cystic ovarian tumour is detected in a woman on routine antenatal check up. The most common complication she can encounter is:

Accepted Answer

Torsion is the most common complication of ovarian cysts during pregnancy, due to increased mobility of the ovaries caused by the enlarging uterus.

Question 20

Which of the following is used to take cervical smear:

Accepted Answer

Ayre's spatula is specifically designed for collecting cells from the cervix for a Pap smear test, which is a screening tool for cervical cancer and other cervical abnormalities.

Quiz 7: Gynecology and Obstetrics: Part A