Question 1

In which state was first open-air camp or jail set up in India?

Accepted Answer

The first open-air camp or jail in India was set up in Uttar Pradesh. This innovative approach to incarceration is designed to offer a more humane and reformative environment for prisoners.

Question 2

Which country first started probation to offenders?

Accepted Answer

The United States of America is credited with starting the probation system. John Augustus, a Boston shoemaker, is recognized as the "Father of Probation" for his efforts in 1841 to reform offenders through a supervised release program.

Question 3

Who is competent to commute death penalty to life imprisonment?

Accepted Answer

The President of India has the power to commute a death penalty to life imprisonment under Article 72 of the Indian Constitution. This article grants the President the power to grant pardons, reprieves, respites, or remissions of punishment or to suspend, remit, or commute the sentence of any person convicted of any offence.

Question 4

Borstal School is meant for

Accepted Answer

Borstal Schools are specifically designed for the rehabilitation of adolescent offenders, typically those between the ages of 16 and 21, aiming to educate and train them rather than merely punish.

Question 5

Probation is

Accepted Answer

Probation is a form of suspended sentencing where the court gives a convicted person the opportunity to remain in the community under supervision instead of serving time in prison, as long as certain conditions are met.

Question 6

An approach to punishment which stresses the importance of crime prevention through incarceration/imprisonment is known as

Accepted Answer

Incapacitation focuses on preventing future crimes by removing the offender from society, typically through imprisonment, thereby physically preventing the possibility of reoffending during the period of incarceration.

Question 7

"Penal populism" is the term refers to

Accepted Answer

Penal populism refers to the phenomenon where politicians and policymakers exploit public fears and concerns about crime, often proposing and implementing harsher sentencing policies and other tough-on-crime measures to gain or maintain public support, rather than relying on evidence-based practices for crime control and prevention. This approach emphasizes the growing politicization of crime control, where decisions are more influenced by public opinion and political gain than by expert advice or empirical evidence.

Question 8

The process whereby the parties in a particular offence come together to resolve collectively is known as

Accepted Answer

Restorative justice is the process where parties in an offense come together to collectively resolve the aftermath and implications of the offense, focusing on the needs of the victims, the offenders, and the community. This approach aims to repair harm and foster a sense of healing rather than simply punishing the offender.

Question 9

Which committee examined the after care programmes in prison?

Accepted Answer

The Gore Committee was responsible for examining aftercare programs in prisons.

Question 10

Which authority grants prisoners admission to open-air jail?

Accepted Answer

Jail authorities are responsible for granting prisoners admission to open-air jails, based on criteria such as behavior, risk assessment, and eligibility.

Question 11

Which country among the following does not award death penalty to offenders?

Accepted Answer

The United Kingdom abolished the death penalty in 1965.

Question 12

Under which law in India, probation to offenders cannot be granted?

Accepted Answer

The Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (NDPS) Act does not allow for the provision of probation to offenders. This is because the NDPS Act deals with drug-related offenses, which are considered serious and hence, probation is not granted under this law.

Question 13

Which authority approves or grants "temporary release" to jail inmates?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which authority approves or grants "temporary release"...

Question 14

Parole or premature release is granted by which authority ?

Accepted Answer

Parole or premature release is typically granted by a parole committee or board, which reviews the case of the incarcerated individual and decides whether they meet the criteria for early release based on factors like behavior, rehabilitation progress, and the nature of their offense.

Question 15

Which type of prisoners are admitted to open air jails?

Accepted Answer

Open air jails admit prisoners who have completed a portion of their term, as these inmates are often considered to have demonstrated good behavior and a lower risk of escaping, making them suitable for the less restrictive environment of an open air jail.

Question 16

Reduction in sentence in prison administration is called

Accepted Answer

Remission refers to the reduction of a prisoner's sentence as a reward for good behavior, often determined by prison administration or legal statutes.

Question 17

Open air jails are setup under what philosophy ?

Accepted Answer

Open air jails are set up under the philosophy of reformation of prisoners. The idea is to provide a more humane and less restrictive environment that encourages rehabilitation and helps inmates prepare for their eventual reintegration into society.

Question 18

Under the Probation of Offenders Act, Pre-sentence Report is prepared by

Accepted Answer

The Pre-sentence Report under the Probation of Offenders Act is prepared by a probation officer. This report helps the court to understand the background, character, and circumstances of the offender, which can influence the sentencing decision.

Question 19

'The act of taking revenge upon a criminal perpetrator' is known as :

Accepted Answer

Retribution is the act of punishing someone for their crimes, with the punishment often being seen as a form of revenge for the wrongdoing. It is based on the principle of just deserts, where the punishment is proportional to the crime.

Question 20

Incarcerating serious offenders and dealing with minor offenders in less restrictive ways is known as

Accepted Answer

Selective incapacitation focuses on incarcerating individuals who commit serious offenses while handling those who commit minor offenses through less severe measures.

Quiz 4: Criminal Justice and Punishment System in India: Part B