Question 1

What is the goal of plasmapheresis in patients who will be receiving an ABO-incompatible kidney transplant?
A)Decrease white blood cell count
B)Decrease hemagglutinin titers
C)Increase haptoglobin
D)Increase hemoglobin

Accepted Answer

The goal of plasmapheresis in patients receiving an ABO-incompatible kidney transplant is to decrease hemagglutinin titers, which are antibodies that could attack the transplanted kidney. Plasmapheresis removes the patient's plasma containing these antibodies and replaces it with donor plasma or albumin.

Question 2

Which of the following vitamins is stored in the liver?
A)B6
B)C
C)E
D)K

Accepted Answer

Vitamin K is primarily stored in the liver, with some storage also occurring in adipose tissue. Vitamins B6, C, and E are not predominantly stored in the liver.

Question 3

Sickle cells that occlude blood vessels cause all of the following except
A)Iron overload
B)Organ damage
C)Stroke
D)Tissue ischemia

Accepted Answer

Sickle cell disease can cause organ damage, stroke and tissue ischemia due to the blockage of blood vessels by sickle cells. However, it does not cause iron overload. Iron overload is seen in conditions such as hemochromatosis, which is a completely different disease.

Question 4

A kidney from a donor typed as which ABO group is less likely to be rejected if transplanted into a group O patient?
A)A₁
B)A₂
C)AB
D)B

Accepted Answer

Group A2 kidneys are less likely to be rejected in group O recipients compared to other ABO types because A2 antigens are less immunogenic than other ABO antigens, making them more compatible with O group recipients who have no A or B antigens.

Question 5

Which is the most common inherited disease in people of African ethnicity?
A)Hemophilia A
B)Hemophilia B
C)Sickle cell disease
D)von WilLeᵇrand's disease

Accepted Answer

Sickle cell disease is the most common inherited disease in people of African ethnicity. It affects millions of people worldwide, with a high prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa and among people of African descent in the Americas, including the United States. Hemophilia A and B are both genetic bleeding disorders that are more commonly inherited in males and have no ethnic predilection. Von Willebrand's disease, another bleeding disorder, is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern and affects both males and females equally, with no obvious ethnic predilection.

Question 6

Which of the following best describes an exchange transfusion?
A)Removal of patient's plasma and replacement with normal saline
B)Removal of patient's red blood cells and replacement with donor red blood cells
C)Transfusion of phenotype-matched donor red blood cells
D)Transfusion of irradiated donor red blood cells

Accepted Answer

An exchange transfusion involves removing a patient's red blood cells and replacing them with donor red blood cells. This is typically done to treat conditions such as sickle cell disease, where the patient's red blood cells are abnormal and can cause complications.

Question 7

The goal of preventative therapy in patients with sickle cell anemia who have had a stroke is to maintain a ____________.
A)hemoglobin level above 10 g/dL (100 g/L)
B)hemoglobin S level below 30%
C)hemoglobin S level of approximately 40%
D)hematocrit level of 33-36% (0.33-0.36)

Accepted Answer

The goal of preventative therapy in patients with sickle cell anemia who have had a stroke is to maintain a hemoglobin S level below 30%. This is achieved through regular blood transfusions or exchange transfusions to reduce the proportion of hemoglobin S, thereby reducing the risk of further sickling and subsequent strokes.

Question 8

Which of the following is a self-limited process that subsides with donor lymphocyte death?
A)Graft versus host disease
B)Hyperacute rejection
C)Iron overload
D)Passenger lymphocyte syndrome

Accepted Answer

Passenger lymphocyte syndrome is a self-limited process that subsides with donor lymphocyte death. It occurs when the donor's lymphocytes, which are present in the transplanted organ, attack the recipient's tissues temporarily. As the donor lymphocytes gradually die off, the symptoms of the syndrome subside. Graft versus host disease is a condition where the donor's immune cells attack the recipient's tissues, and it can be life-threatening. Hyperacute rejection is a rapid rejection of a transplanted organ due to preformed antibodies in the recipient. Iron overload is a condition where excess iron accumulates in the body due to various causes, and it is not related to organ transplantation.

Question 9

Transfusion-associated graft versus host disease (TA-GVHD)is
A)prevented through leukoreduction
B)almost universally fatal
C)caused by engraftment of donor B lymphoctyes
D)most often diagnosed in immunocompetent patients

Accepted Answer

The answer of Transfusion-associated graft versus host disease (TA-GVHD)is
A)prevented through...

Question 10

Red blood cell and platelet transfusions are used as supportive therapy in patients who have undergone a hematopoietic progenitor cell (HPC)transplant until when?
A)Chemotherapy is complete
B)CMV reactivation occurs
C)Engraftment occurs
D)Factor levels reach 70%

Accepted Answer

Red blood cell and platelet transfusions are used as supportive therapy in HPC transplant patients until engraftment occurs, which is when the transplanted stem cells begin producing new blood cells. After engraftment, the patient's own blood cell production should be sufficient to maintain appropriate levels without transfusions.

Question 11

Hemophilia B is due to deficiency in what coagulation factor?
A)VII
B)VIII
C)IX
D)X

Accepted Answer

Hemophilia B is due to deficiency in coagulation factor IX, also known as Christmas factor. Deficiency of this factor leads to prolonged bleeding and poor blood clotting, which can result in severe bleeding episodes and joint damage over time. Treatment for hemophilia B involves replacement therapy with factor IX concentrates.

Question 12

Apheresis therapy to remove white blood cells is used most commonly in what disease?
A)Acute leukemia
B)Chronic leukemia
C)Lymphoma
D)Multiple myeloma

Accepted Answer

Apheresis therapy to remove white blood cells is most commonly used in acute leukemia, where the white blood cells are overproduced and not functioning properly. This therapy can help reduce the number of abnormal white blood cells and improve overall survival rates.

Question 13

Which of the following is an oral iron chelator?
A)Deferasirox
B)Deferoxamine
C)Dexamethasone
D)Dimercaprol

Accepted Answer

Deferasirox is an oral iron chelator used to reduce chronic iron overload in patients who are receiving long-term blood transfusions for conditions like thalassemia.

Question 14

Hemophilia A is due to deficiency in what coagulation factor?
A)VII
B)VIII
C)IX
D)X

Accepted Answer

Hemophilia A is due to deficiency in coagulation factor VIII.

Question 15

Hemophilia A is managed by which of the following therapies?
A)Exchange transfusion
B)Factor replacement
C)Immune suppression
D)Therapeutic plasmapheresis

Accepted Answer

Hemophilia A is managed by factor replacement therapy, which involves regular infusion of the missing clotting factor VIII. This helps to prevent bleeding episodes and reduce the risk of joint and tissue damage. Exchange transfusion, immune suppression, and therapeutic plasmapheresis are not effective in the management of hemophilia A.

Question 16

All of the following are common manifestations of cytomegalovirus (CMV)disease except
A)Anemia
B)Gastroenteritis
C)Hepatitis
D)Pneumonia

Accepted Answer

CMV is known to cause gastroenteritis, hepatitis, and pneumonia among other conditions, but anemia is not a common manifestation of CMV disease. Anemia can be a secondary effect due to other complications or infections, but it is not directly caused by CMV itself.

Question 17

What is the recommended hematocrit in patients with end-stage renal disease?
A)22-25% (0.22-0.25)
B)28-33% (0.28-0.33)
C)33-36% (0.33-0.36)
D)36-42% (0.36-0.42)

Accepted Answer

The recommended hematocrit in patients with end-stage renal disease is 33-36% (0.33-0.36). This is because a lower hematocrit level can help reduce the risk of cardiovascular events and mortality, while a higher level can increase the risk of cardiovascular events without providing additional benefits. Therefore, maintaining a hematocrit level within this range is generally considered optimal for patients with end-stage renal disease.

Question 18

Approximately how many patients with hemophilia B form an inhibitor?
A)<5%
B)10%
C)30%
D)>35%

Accepted Answer

Less than 5% of patients with hemophilia B develop an inhibitor, which is significantly lower than the rate observed in hemophilia A.

Question 19

Donor and patient red blood cells are typically matched for which antigens when a patient with sickle cell disease is going to be transfused?
A)C,c,E,e
B)C,E,K
C)E,K,S
D)M,N,S

Accepted Answer

The answer of Donor and patient red blood cells are...

Question 20

Which blood product is transfused to raise coagulation factor levels in patients with liver disease who are bleeding?
A)Cryoprecipitate
B)Factor VII
C)Fresh frozen plasma
D)Vitamin K

Accepted Answer

Fresh frozen plasma is transfused to raise coagulation factor levels in patients with liver disease who are bleeding, as it contains all the clotting factors.

Quiz 17: Transfusion Support of Selected Patient Populations

What is the goal of plasmapheresis in patients who will be receiving an ABO-incompatible kidney transplant?

Which of the following vitamins is stored in the liver?

Sickle cells that occlude blood vessels cause all of the following except

A kidney from a donor typed as which ABO group is less likely to be rejected if transplanted into a group O patient?

Which is the most common inherited disease in people of African ethnicity?

Which of the following best describes an exchange transfusion?

The goal of preventative therapy in patients with sickle cell anemia who have had a stroke is to maintain a ____________.

Which of the following is a self-limited process that subsides with donor lymphocyte death?

Transfusion-associated graft versus host disease (TA-GVHD) is

Red blood cell and platelet transfusions are used as supportive therapy in patients who have undergone a hematopoietic progenitor cell (HPC) transplant until when?

Hemophilia B is due to deficiency in what coagulation factor?

Apheresis therapy to remove white blood cells is used most commonly in what disease?

Which of the following is an oral iron chelator?

Hemophilia A is due to deficiency in what coagulation factor?

Hemophilia A is managed by which of the following therapies?

All of the following are common manifestations of cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease except

What is the recommended hematocrit in patients with end-stage renal disease?

Approximately how many patients with hemophilia B form an inhibitor?

Donor and patient red blood cells are typically matched for which antigens when a patient with sickle cell disease is going to be transfused?

Which blood product is transfused to raise coagulation factor levels in patients with liver disease who are bleeding?