Question 1

Which of the following are true for the algorithms Beam Stack Search (BSS)and Divide-and-Conquer Beam Stack Search (DCBSS).
A)bss finds the optimal path while dcbss does not.
B)dcbss finds the optimal path while bss does not.
C)both bss and dcbss find the optimal path
D)neither bss and dcbss find the optimal path

Accepted Answer

C

Question 2

The performance of an agent can be improved by __________
A)learning
B)observing
C)perceiving
D)sensing

Accepted Answer

A

Question 3

__________ Is an algorithm, a loop that continually moves in the direction of increasing value - that is uphill.
A)up-hill search
B)hill-climbing
C)hill algorithm
D)reverse-down-hill search

Accepted Answer

Hill-climbing is an algorithm that iteratively moves towards a higher value, metaphorically climbing a hill to reach a peak or maximum value.

Question 4

Not only do formal logics allow representation of knowledge, but they also allow representation of knowledge Mechanisms for reasoning using a collection of well-defined manipulation rules Of Representations.

Accepted Answer

Formal logics not only enable the representation of knowledge but also provide mechanisms for reasoning through a collection of well-defined rules for manipulating these representations.

Question 5

If a logic produces only true statements and does not produce any false statement it shows which of the following property
A)completeness
B)soundness
C)consistency
D)none of these

Accepted Answer

Soundness in logic means that if the logic system deduces a statement, then that statement is true in all interpretations of the system. Therefore, a logic that produces only true statements and does not produce any false statements is considered sound.

Question 6

Is the following rule of inference valid one

Accepted Answer

The statement is incomplete as it does not specify which rule of inference is being referred to. Without this information, the validity cannot be determined.

Question 7

_________Graph is used to represent semantic network
A)undirected
B)directed
C)undirected.
D)any one of the above

Accepted Answer

Semantic networks are typically represented by directed graphs, where nodes represent concepts or entities, and edges represent the relationships between them.

Question 8

What is the nature of the sentence: ?x ?y (TeacherOf(x,y) ? StudentOf(y,x))
A)symmetry
B)exhaustiveness
C)inverse
D)none of the above

Accepted Answer

The sentence describes an inverse relationship, where if x is the teacher of y, then y is the student of x, and vice versa.

Question 9

The formula or sentences that can be maid true by certain valuation function are called
A)valid formula
B)satisfiable formula
C)unsatisfiable formula
D)invalid formula

Accepted Answer

Satisfiable formulas are those for which there exists at least one valuation (assignment of truth values to variables) that makes the formula true. This means there is a way to assign truth values to make the entire expression true, distinguishing them from unsatisfiable formulas, which cannot be made true under any valuation.

Question 10

A _________ is used to demonstrate, on a purely syntactic basis, that one formula is a logical consequence of another formula.
A)deductive systems
B)inductive systems
C)reasoning with knowledge based systems
D)search based systems

Accepted Answer

Deductive systems are used to show, through the application of rules and logic, that one formula logically follows from another, purely based on their syntactic structure.

Question 11

A Term is either an individual constant (a 0-ary function), or a variable, or an n-ary function applied to n terms: F(t1 t2 ..tn).

Accepted Answer

In formal logic and computer science, a term is defined precisely in this way. It can be an individual constant, a variable, or an n-ary function applied to n terms, where the function takes n arguments (terms) and the notation F(t1, t2, ..., tn) represents a function F applied to terms t1 through tn.

Question 12

First Order Logic is also known as ___________
A)first order predicate calculus
B)quantification theory
C)lower order calculus
D)all of the mentioned

Accepted Answer

First Order Logic is known by several names, including first order predicate calculus, quantification theory, and it is also broadly referred to in the context of lower order calculus, making all the mentioned options correct.

Question 13

Which is used to compute the truth of any sentence?
A)semantics of propositional logic
B)alpha-beta pruning
C)first-order logic
D)both semantics of propositional logic & alpha-beta pruning

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which is used to compute the truth...

Question 14

From which rule does the modus ponens are derived?
A)inference rule
B)module rule
C)both inference & module rule
D)c.none of the mentioned

Accepted Answer

Modus ponens is derived from the inference rule, which is a fundamental concept in logic and reasoning, allowing one to deduce a conclusion from one or more premises.

Question 15

Which form is called as a conjunction of disjunction of literals?
A)conjunctive normal form
B)disjunctive normal form
C)normal form
D)all of the mentioned

Accepted Answer

Conjunctive Normal Form (CNF) is a way of organizing logical formulas where it is a conjunction (AND) of one or more clauses, where a clause is a disjunction (OR) of literals.

Question 16

What can be viewed as a single lateral of disjunction?
A)multiple clause
B)combine clause
C)unit clause
D)none of the mentioned

Accepted Answer

A unit clause, which is a clause containing only a single literal, can be viewed as a single lateral of disjunction.

Question 17

What among the following constitutes the representation of the knowledge in different forms?
A)relational method where each fact is set out systematically in columns
B)inheritable knowledge where relational knowledge is made up of objects
C)inferential knowledge
D)all of the mentioned

Accepted Answer

Knowledge can be represented in various forms including relational methods, inheritable knowledge, and inferential knowledge, making all the mentioned options correct representations of knowledge.

Question 18

What are Semantic Networks?
A)a way of representing knowledge
B)data structure
C)data type
D)none of the mentioned

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are Semantic Networks?
A)a way of representing...

Question 19

Graph used to represent semantic network is _____________
A)undirected graph
B)directed graph
C)directed acyclic graph (dag)
D)directed complete graph

Accepted Answer

Semantic networks are typically represented using directed graphs, where nodes represent concepts or entities, and edges represent the relationships between these concepts.

Question 20

The basic inference mechanism in semantic network is to follow the links between the nodes.

Accepted Answer

In a semantic network, the basic inference mechanism involves traversing the links (or edges) between nodes (or vertices), where each node represents a concept or entity, and the links represent relationships between these concepts.

Quiz 2: Knowledge Representation and Inference Mechanisms in Artificial Intelligence

Which of the following are true for the algorithms Beam Stack Search (BSS) and Divide-and-Conquer Beam Stack Search (DCBSS) .

The performance of an agent can be improved by __________

__________ Is an algorithm, a loop that continually moves in the direction of increasing value - that is uphill.

Not only do formal logics allow representation of knowledge, but they also allow representation of knowledge Mechanisms for reasoning using a collection of well-defined manipulation rules Of Representations.

If a logic produces only true statements and does not produce any false statement it shows which of the following property

Is the following rule of inference valid one

_________Graph is used to represent semantic network

What is the nature of the sentence: ?x ?y (TeacherOf(x,y) ? StudentOf(y,x) )

The formula or sentences that can be maid true by certain valuation function are called

A _________ is used to demonstrate, on a purely syntactic basis, that one formula is a logical consequence of another formula.

A Term is either an individual constant (a 0-ary function), or a variable, or an n-ary function applied to n terms: F(t1 t2 ..tn).

First Order Logic is also known as ___________

Which is used to compute the truth of any sentence?

From which rule does the modus ponens are derived?

Which form is called as a conjunction of disjunction of literals?

What can be viewed as a single lateral of disjunction?

What among the following constitutes the representation of the knowledge in different forms?

What are Semantic Networks?

Graph used to represent semantic network is _____________

The basic inference mechanism in semantic network is to follow the links between the nodes.