Question 1

The invention of Gun Powder by ………………revolutionized the art of warfare and became an important factor for the beginning of modern period

Accepted Answer

Roger Bacon is credited with being one of the earliest European scholars to study gunpowder and its military applications, contributing to its development and the revolutionizing of warfare.

Question 2

The………………….., was an instrument which indicated direction and helped the daring navigators, who explored new lands which later changed the very face of the Earth.

Accepted Answer

The mariners compass was crucial for navigation, allowing explorers to find their way across the oceans and discover new lands, significantly impacting the course of history.

Question 3

_____________. is the name given to the great religious revolt of the 16th century, which permanently divided the Christendom into great sects.

Accepted Answer

The Reformation was the 16th-century religious movement that led to the division of Christianity into different sects, notably separating Protestant churches from the Roman Catholic Church.

Question 4

In his book, "In praise of folly", ……………..bitterly denounced the worldliness and vulgarity of the churchmen and ridiculed superstition.

Accepted Answer

"In Praise of Folly" was written by Erasmus, who used satire to criticize the practices of the Church and the superstitions of the time.

Question 5

. _____________ the English priest who is called as 'the Morning Star of Reformation'

Accepted Answer

John Wycliffe is known as 'the Morning Star of Reformation' because of his early criticisms of the Roman Catholic Church and his calls for reform, which predated the Protestant Reformation led by figures like Martin Luther.

Question 6

The followers of…………………. were known as 'Lollards' or 'poor Priests'.

Accepted Answer

John Wycliffe's followers were known as 'Lollards' or 'poor Priests'. They advocated for church reform and translated the Bible into English, challenging the Catholic Church's authority and teachings in the 14th century.

Question 7

Martin Luther was the greatest leader of the Reformation Movement in ……………………

Accepted Answer

Martin Luther was a seminal figure in the Protestant Reformation, which began in the 16th century, and he was most active in Germany. His actions, including the nailing of his Ninety-five Theses to the door of the All Saints' Church in Wittenberg, Germany, are often cited as the initial catalyst for the Reformation.

Question 8

To expose the malpractice, ………………..wrote his famous 'Ninety Five Thesis' and nailed it on the church door of Wittenberg in 1517 A.D.

Accepted Answer

Martin Luther wrote the 'Ninety-Five Theses' to criticize the Catholic Church's practices, particularly the sale of indulgences, sparking the Protestant Reformation.

Question 9

_____________ published a refutation of Luther's Thesis for which Pope conferred on him the title, 'the Defender of Faith'.

Accepted Answer

Henry VIII published a refutation of Martin Luther's Thesis, which led to Pope Leo X conferring upon him the title "Defender of the Faith" in 1521.

Question 10

King ………….of England broke with the Pope who did not agree with his decision to divorce his wife Catherine of Aragon

Accepted Answer

Henry VIII broke with the Pope and the Roman Catholic Church when the Pope refused to annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragon, leading to the English Reformation and the establishment of the Church of England.

Question 11

In 1618, a war broke out in …………..between the Catholics and the Protestants, which lasted for thirty years. Hence it is known as the Thirty Years War.

Accepted Answer

The Thirty Years' War (1618-1648) primarily took place in the Holy Roman Empire, which largely corresponds to modern-day Germany. It was a conflict between Catholic and Protestant states.

Question 12

_____________… was an intellectual and Cultural Revolution which is usually associated with the 18th century.

Accepted Answer

The Enlightenment was an intellectual and cultural movement in the 18th century that emphasized reason, logic, and criticism in contrast to the superstition and theocracy of the preceding periods. It sought to reform society using reason, challenge ideas grounded in tradition and faith, and advance knowledge through the scientific method.

Question 13

The writers who spread the ideas of the Enlightenment were known as …………………...

Accepted Answer

The writers who spread the ideas of the Enlightenment were known as philosophes. They were intellectuals who promoted reason, skepticism, and freedom of thought over dogma and superstition.

Question 14

. _____________.was the Portuguese ruler who gave encouragement and helps to navigators to explore new sea routes to east

Accepted Answer

Henry the Navigator was a Portuguese prince who significantly supported the early days of exploration by funding expeditions along the west coast of Africa, laying the groundwork for the age of discovery.

Question 15

In 1486 A.D …………………sailed along the West coast of Africa and went as far as the cape of storms, which later renamed as the Cape of Good Hope by the Portuguese King as it gave definite hope of discovering a new sea-route to the East.

Accepted Answer

Bartholomew Dias was the Portuguese explorer who in 1488 sailed around the southernmost tip of Africa, then called the Cape of Storms, which was later renamed the Cape of Good Hope by the Portuguese King. This achievement marked the first time Europeans had sailed into the Indian Ocean from the Atlantic, paving the way for future exploration and the sea route to India.

Question 16

An Italian sailor……………………. left the Spanish port in August 1492 and set foot on Small Island in West Indies in October, 1492 A.D.

Accepted Answer

Christopher Columbus is the Italian sailor who left the Spanish port in August 1492 and arrived in the West Indies in October 1492.

Question 17

The great distinction of circumnavigating the world goes to the navigator……………………….

Accepted Answer

Ferdinand Magellan is credited with the first circumnavigation of the Earth. Although Magellan himself did not complete the entire journey (he was killed in the Philippines), his expedition, which set sail from Spain in 1519, completed the circumnavigation in 1522 under the command of Juan Sebastián Elcano.

Question 18

With the help of the Spanish King, Charles II, ………….started the historic journey in September 1519 A.D. and after two years landed at the Islands of Philippines where he was killed by the natives.

Accepted Answer

Ferdinand Magellan is the correct answer because he was the Portuguese explorer who led the first expedition to circumnavigate the globe, starting his journey in 1519 and was killed in the Philippines in 1521.

Question 19

_____________ coined the term "mercantile system" to describe the system of political economy that sought to enrich the country by restraining imports and encouraging exports.

Accepted Answer

Adam Smith coined the term "mercantile system" to describe the economic policy that emphasizes the importance of exporting more than importing to accumulate wealth.

Question 20

The term 'Laissez faire' was coined by the ……………economic philosophers of the Enlightenment (Physiocrates).

Accepted Answer

The term 'Laissez faire' is associated with French economic philosophers of the Enlightenment period, specifically the Physiocrats, who advocated for minimal government intervention in the economy.

Quiz 2: Historical Events and Figures in Warfare, Navigation, Religion, and Economy