Question 1

Left esotropia surgical correction includes:

Accepted Answer

D

Question 2

The yoke muscle of right superior oblique is:

Accepted Answer

The yoke muscle of the right superior oblique is the left inferior rectus. This is based on Hering's law of equal innervation, which states that yoke muscles (also known as corresponding or synergistic muscles) in the two eyes receive equal and simultaneous innervation. The right superior oblique and the left inferior rectus work together to depress the eye, hence they are yoke muscles.

Question 3

All the following regarding fungal keratitis are true, except:

Accepted Answer

Surgery is not always contraindicated in active fungal keratitis. In some cases, surgical intervention, such as corneal transplantation, may be necessary if the infection does not respond to medical treatment or if the cornea is significantly damaged.

Question 4

All the following are true regarding acute closed angle glaucoma, except:

Accepted Answer

Optic disc cupping is a characteristic feature of chronic open-angle glaucoma, not acute closed-angle glaucoma. Acute closed-angle glaucoma typically presents with symptoms like corneal edema, a fixed dilated pupil, and severe headache, but optic disc cupping develops over time in chronic glaucoma due to the progressive loss of optic nerve fibers.

Question 5

Regarding optic neuritis in adults, all the following are true, except:

Accepted Answer

Optic neuritis in adults is more commonly unilateral, affecting one eye at a time, rather than bilateral (affecting both eyes simultaneously).

Question 6

Ultrasound is used in dense cataract patient to show:

Accepted Answer

Ultrasound is particularly useful in cases where dense cataracts prevent direct visualization of the retina, allowing for the detection of conditions like retinal detachment.

Question 7

The most common ophthalmologic complication in multiple sclerosis is:

Accepted Answer

Optic neuritis is the most common ophthalmologic complication in multiple sclerosis, often presenting as the initial symptom of the disease. It involves inflammation of the optic nerve, leading to pain and vision loss.

Question 8

Patient with benign intracranial hypertension, one of the following is true:

Accepted Answer

Lumbar puncture in patients with benign intracranial hypertension (also known as idiopathic intracranial hypertension) can serve both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. It helps in measuring the opening pressure, which is typically elevated in this condition, and removing cerebrospinal fluid can temporarily relieve symptoms by reducing intracranial pressure.

Question 9

All the following are risk factorsfor glaucoma, except:

Accepted Answer

The answer of All the following are risk factorsfor glaucoma,...

Question 10

Best method to deal with alkali trauma:

Accepted Answer

Irrigation with copious fluids is the most immediate and effective method to deal with alkali trauma to dilute and remove the alkali substance, reducing its harmful effects on tissues. Neutralizing alkali with a weak acid is not recommended due to the risk of an exothermic reaction that can cause further damage.

Question 11

What is true about the commonest ocular tumor in adults?

Accepted Answer

The most common primary ocular tumor in adults is uveal melanoma, which is known for its tendency to spread hematogenously, particularly to the liver, rather than through lymphatic channels. Rhabdomyosarcoma is more common in children, and primary metastasis to the bone is not characteristic of uveal melanoma. The prognosis can vary widely depending on the size and location of the tumor, as well as the presence of metastases at diagnosis.

Question 12

The eyelid tumor with the worst prognosis:

Accepted Answer

Sebaceous gland carcinoma has the worst prognosis among the listed eyelid tumors due to its aggressive nature and higher potential for metastasis.

Question 13

Large eyesare associated with:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Large eyesare associated with:
...

Question 14

In third cranial nerve palsy, all are true, except:

Accepted Answer

A relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD) indicates an asymmetry in the afferent pathway of the pupillary light reflex, typically seen in lesions affecting the optic nerve or severe retinal disease, not associated with third cranial nerve palsy. Third cranial nerve palsy typically presents with diplopia, dilated pupils, and an absent pupillary reflex due to the involvement of the muscles controlling eye movements and the pupil.

Question 15

Neural fiber layer of retina is:

Accepted Answer

The neural fiber layer of the retina is composed of the axons of ganglion cells, which converge to form the optic nerve.

Question 16

Patient with unilateral cataract, the most common etiology is:

Accepted Answer

Trauma is the most common cause of unilateral cataract, as it can directly damage the lens or disrupt its supporting structures, leading to cataract formation.

Question 17

All the following can be used to differentiate between orbital cellulitis and preseptal cellulitis, except:

Accepted Answer

Ptosis is not a reliable differentiator between orbital cellulitis and preseptal cellulitis. Proptosis, decreased ocular motility, and decreased visual acuity are more indicative of orbital cellulitis.

Question 18

All the following are risk factors for glaucoma, except:

Accepted Answer

White race is generally considered to be at a lower risk for glaucoma compared to Black, Asian, or Hispanic populations, which have higher prevalence rates and risk factors associated with the disease.

Question 19

All the following are seen in blow-out fractures, except:

Accepted Answer

Exophthalmos (protrusion of the eyeball) is not typically seen in blow-out fractures. Instead, enophthalmos (sunken eyeball) may occur due to the increased orbital volume after the fracture.

Question 20

Dysthyroid eye disease has which of the following complications:

Accepted Answer

Dysthyroid eye disease, also known as Graves' orbitopathy, can lead to a decrease in visual acuity due to optic nerve compression, corneal exposure, and other related complications.

Quiz 7: From Optic Neuritis to Diabetic Retinopathy