Question 1

A researcher recorded the shooting percentage of 28 professional basketball players in each of four quarters in a game.What are the degrees of freedom error for a one-way within-subjects ANOVA?
A) 3
B) 27
C) 81
D) there is not enough information to answer this question

Accepted Answer

The degrees of freedom error for a one-way within-subjects ANOVA is calculated as df_error = N(k - 1), where N is the number of subjects and k is the number of conditions. Here, N = 28 (players) and k = 4 (quarters), so df_error = 28(4 - 1) = 28*3 = 84. However, the correct calculation was not provided in the options, indicating a mistake in the formulation of the question or the provided options.

Question 2

A researcher observes the same participants in each of five different settings.Which source of variation is the variability attributed to observing the same participants across all five settings?
A) between-groups variability
B) within-groups variability
C) between-persons variability
D) error variability

Accepted Answer

Between-persons variability refers to the differences observed when the same participants are measured across different settings or conditions.

Question 3

A researcher computes a one-way within-subjects ANOVA in which k = 4 and n = 20.What are the degrees of freedom error for this test?
A) 57
B) 79
C) 80
D) there is not enough information to answer this question

Accepted Answer

The degrees of freedom error for a one-way within-subjects ANOVA can be calculated using the formula: df_error = n(k - 1), where n is the number of subjects and k is the number of conditions. Here, n = 20 and k = 4, so df_error = 20(4 - 1) = 20*3 = 60. However, since it's within-subjects, we also consider the degrees of freedom for subjects as part of the error term, which would be n - 1 = 20 - 1 = 19. The correct calculation should actually focus on the error term specific to the within-subjects design, which accounts for the repeated measures on the same subjects. Thus, the correct formula for the degrees of freedom for error in a within-subjects ANOVA is (n - 1)(k - 1), which gives (20 - 1)(4 - 1) = 19*3 = 57.

Question 4

A researcher computes a one-way within-subjects ANOVA using a sample of 8 participants.If the degrees of freedom error is 14,then how many groups were included in this study?
A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 5

Accepted Answer

In a one-way within-subjects ANOVA, the degrees of freedom error is equal to the total number of participants minus the number of groups. Therefore, if the degrees of freedom error is 14 and there are 8 participants, then there must be 3 groups (8-3=5; 5-1=4; 4-1=3; 3x3=9; 9-8=1; 1 degree of freedom is allocated to the groups). The only choice that matches this calculation is B, which says that there were 3 groups.

Question 5

The source of variation that is associated with differences between groups in a study is called ______.
A) between-groups variability
B) within-groups variability
C) between-persons variability
D) error variability

Accepted Answer

Between-groups variability refers to the differences in data that are caused by the different groups or conditions being compared in a study. This type of variability is separate from within-group variability, which refers to differences within a single group or condition. Between-persons variability and error variability are other sources of variability, but they do not specifically refer to differences between groups in a study.

Question 6

A researcher computes a one-way within-subjects ANOVA for a study in which participants are observed across five groups.If the degrees of freedom error is 56,then how many participants were observed in this study?
A) 4
B) 14
C) 15
D) 55

Accepted Answer

The formula to calculate degrees of freedom error in a one-way within-subjects ANOVA is df_error = (n-1) x (k-1), where n is the number of participants and k is the number of groups. Substituting the given values, we get 56 = (n-1) x (5-1). Solving for n, we get n = 15. Therefore, the correct answer is C) 15.

Question 7

"Within subjects" is also called ______.
A) between subjects
B) within groups
C) repeated measures
D) random sampling

Accepted Answer

"Within subjects" is a term used in experimental design when the same group of participants is tested under different conditions. This is also referred to as "repeated measures" because each participant is measured repeatedly. Therefore, the correct answer is C, repeated measures. A is incorrect because "between subjects" refers to a design where different groups of participants are compared. B is incorrect because "within groups" is a vague term that could refer to various research designs. D is incorrect because "random sampling" is unrelated to this term, as it refers to a method for selecting a representative sample from a population.

Question 8

A researcher records depression scores for 12 patients in each of four seasons.If depression scores for the same participants are recorded in each season,then what type of statistical design is most appropriate for this study?
A) a related-samples t test
B) a one-way between-subjects ANOVA
C) a one-way within-subjects ANOVA
D) a related-samples t test and a one-way within-subjects ANOVA

Accepted Answer

A one-way within-subjects ANOVA is the most appropriate statistical design for this study because it involves measuring the same variable (depression scores) in the same participants across four different conditions (seasons). This design allows the researcher to compare the means of the four conditions while controlling for individual differences between participants, and it also increases the statistical power of the analysis. The other options (A, B, and D) do not fit the study design as well.

Question 9

A researcher conducts two studies.In Study 1,she recorded the amount consumed (in calories)among eight participants observed at three meal times (breakfast,lunch,and dinner).In Study 2,she conducted the same study,except that n = 12 participants observed at each of three meal times.Which study is associated with a larger value for degrees of freedom between groups for a one-way within-subjects ANOVA?
A) Study 1
B) Study 2
C) the degrees of freedom between groups are the same in each study
D) there is not enough information to answer this question

Accepted Answer

The degrees of freedom between groups for a one-way within-subjects ANOVA depend on the number of groups (in this case, meal times) rather than the number of participants. Since both studies observe three meal times, the degrees of freedom between groups, calculated as the number of groups minus one, are the same in each study.

Question 10

Using a within-subjects ANOVA design,______.
A) n-k participants are each observed one time
B) n participants are observed k times
C) different participants are observed in each group
D) all of these

Accepted Answer

Within-subjects ANOVA design involves measuring the same participants under different conditions, so the participants need to be observed multiple times (k) under each condition. Therefore, option B is the correct answer. Option A is incorrect because it suggests that only one observation is made per participant. Option C is incorrect because different participants are being observed in each group, which is not consistent with a within-subjects design. Option D is incorrect as it includes all the options, including the incorrect ones.

Question 11

A researcher measures the time it takes eight participants to complete three successive tasks.What are the degrees of freedom between persons for a one-way within-subjects ANOVA?
A) 2
B) 7
C) 14
D) there is not enough information to answer this question

Accepted Answer

The degrees of freedom between persons for a one-way within-subjects ANOVA is calculated as N - 1, where N is the number of participants. With eight participants, the degrees of freedom would be 8 - 1 = 7.

Question 12

How many sources of error are present in a one-way within-subjects ANOVA?
A) 0
B) 1
C) 2
D) 3

Accepted Answer

In a one-way within-subjects ANOVA, there are two sources of error: the error within subjects (i.e., individual differences between participants) and the error between subjects (i.e., differences between groups of participants). Therefore, the best choice is C) 2. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not reflect the correct number of sources of error in a one-way within-subjects ANOVA.

Question 13

The term "within-subjects" refers to ______.
A) observing the same participants in each group
B) observing different participants in each group
C) the type of post hoc test conducted
D) the type of effect size estimate measured

Accepted Answer

Within-subjects designs involve observing and comparing the same participants across different conditions or treatments. Therefore, the term "within-subjects" refers to observing the same participants in each group.

Question 14

A researcher computes a one-way within-subjects ANOVA in which k = 3 and n = 10.What is the critical value for this test at a .05 level of significance?
A) 3.16
B) 5.48
C) 4.41
D) 3.55

Accepted Answer

The answer of A researcher computes a one-way within-subjects ANOVA...

Question 15

A researcher measures anxiety levels among participants in the presence and absence of a fearful stimulus.If the same participants are observed in each group,then what type of statistical design is appropriate for this study?
A) a related-samples t test
B) a one-way between-subjects ANOVA
C) a one-way within-subjects ANOVA
D) a related-samples t test and a one-way within-subjects ANOVA

Accepted Answer

Since the same participants are observed in each condition (presence and absence of a fearful stimulus), both a related-samples t-test (which compares the means of two related groups) and a one-way within-subjects ANOVA (which compares means across three or more related groups) can be appropriate, depending on the specific research question and design.

Question 16

Which of the following is an assumption for computing a one-way within-subjects ANOVA?
A) The population being sampled from is positively skewed.
B) Different participants were observed in each group.
C) Independent observations were made within groups, but not between groups.
D) All of these.

Accepted Answer

One-way within-subjects ANOVA assumes that observations are made within groups, but not between groups. It does not assume any particular population distribution or different participants in each group.

Question 17

Computing a one-way within-subjects ANOVA is appropriate when ______.
A) different participants are assigned to each group
B) the same participants are observed across groups
C) the levels of one or more independent variables are manipulated
D) all of these

Accepted Answer

One-way within-subjects ANOVA is appropriate when the same participants are observed across groups.

Question 18

A researcher observed the mating behavior of 10 porpoises in five different social conditions.What are the degrees of freedom between groups for a one-way within-subjects ANOVA?
A) 4
B) 9
C) 27
D) there is not enough information to answer this question

Accepted Answer

The degrees of freedom between groups for a one-way within-subjects ANOVA is calculated as the number of conditions minus one. With five different social conditions, the degrees of freedom between groups would be 5 - 1 = 4.

Question 19

Which source of variation is computed using a one-way within-subjects ANOVA,but not a one-way between-subjects ANOVA?
A) between-groups variation
B) within-groups variation
C) between-persons variation
D) error variation

Accepted Answer

Between-persons variation is unique to within-subjects designs (also known as repeated measures ANOVA) because it accounts for the variability among individual participants that is not present in between-subjects designs, where each participant is only in one group.

Question 20

Which of the following is a source of variation that is measured using the one-way within-subjects ANOVA?
A) between-groups variation
B) within-groups variation
C) between-persons variation
D) all of these

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is a source...

Quiz 13: Analysis of Variance: One-Way Within-Subjects Repeated-Measuresdesign

A researcher recorded the shooting percentage of 28 professional basketball players in each of four quarters in a game.What are the degrees of freedom error for a one-way within-subjects ANOVA?

A researcher observes the same participants in each of five different settings.Which source of variation is the variability attributed to observing the same participants across all five settings?

A researcher computes a one-way within-subjects ANOVA in which k = 4 and n = 20.What are the degrees of freedom error for this test?

A researcher computes a one-way within-subjects ANOVA using a sample of 8 participants.If the degrees of freedom error is 14,then how many groups were included in this study?

The source of variation that is associated with differences between groups in a study is called ______.

A researcher computes a one-way within-subjects ANOVA for a study in which participants are observed across five groups.If the degrees of freedom error is 56,then how many participants were observed in this study?

"Within subjects" is also called ______.

A researcher records depression scores for 12 patients in each of four seasons.If depression scores for the same participants are recorded in each season,then what type of statistical design is most appropriate for this study?

Using a within-subjects ANOVA design,______.

A researcher measures the time it takes eight participants to complete three successive tasks.What are the degrees of freedom between persons for a one-way within-subjects ANOVA?

How many sources of error are present in a one-way within-subjects ANOVA?

The term "within-subjects" refers to ______.

A researcher computes a one-way within-subjects ANOVA in which k = 3 and n = 10.What is the critical value for this test at a .05 level of significance?

A researcher measures anxiety levels among participants in the presence and absence of a fearful stimulus.If the same participants are observed in each group,then what type of statistical design is appropriate for this study?

Which of the following is an assumption for computing a one-way within-subjects ANOVA?

Computing a one-way within-subjects ANOVA is appropriate when ______.

A researcher observed the mating behavior of 10 porpoises in five different social conditions.What are the degrees of freedom between groups for a one-way within-subjects ANOVA?

Which source of variation is computed using a one-way within-subjects ANOVA,but not a one-way between-subjects ANOVA?

Which of the following is a source of variation that is measured using the one-way within-subjects ANOVA?