Question 1

The goal of studying psychology is to

Accepted Answer

The goal of studying psychology encompasses understanding the human mind and behavior, analyzing human behavior, and applying this understanding to control or modify behavior in various contexts, making all the options correct.

Question 2

Classical conditioning was propounded by................

Accepted Answer

Classical conditioning is a learning process first described by Ivan Pavlov, a Russian physiologist. In his experiments with dogs, Pavlov demonstrated how a neutral stimulus, when paired with an unconditioned stimulus, could elicit a conditioned response.

Question 3

The view of psychology that emphasises the study of mental processes.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive psychology focuses on understanding mental processes such as memory, perception, thinking, and problem-solving, emphasizing the importance of internal mental states in understanding behavior.

Question 4

The method in psychology in which large amount of data are generated from large number of respondents quickly and inexpensively.

Accepted Answer

Surveys are a common method in psychology for quickly and inexpensively gathering large amounts of data from many respondents. They can be distributed widely and collected through various means such as online platforms, mail, or in-person interviews, making them efficient for extensive data collection.

Question 5

The pioneer of Operant Conditioning Theory.

Accepted Answer

B.F. Skinner is widely recognized as the pioneer of Operant Conditioning Theory, which is a method of learning that occurs through rewards and punishments for behavior. Skinner's work elaborated on the earlier theory of Edward Thorndike, significantly advancing the understanding of behavior modification and conditioning.

Question 6

The movement of psychology that deals with the study of human behaviour in terms of environmental stimuli and observational responses.

Accepted Answer

Behaviourism focuses on the study of observable behaviors and the effects of the environment on those behaviors, rather than on internal processes like thoughts and emotions.

Question 7

The method of inquiry in which one variable is manipulated to study its effect on another variable is ............. research.

Accepted Answer

Experimental research involves manipulating one variable to determine if changes in one variable cause changes in another variable. This method is used to establish cause-and-effect relationships.

Question 8

The system that forms the communication network and coordinate the functions of all other systems in a human body.

Accepted Answer

The nervous system forms the communication network and coordinates the functions of all other systems in the human body, including receiving, processing, and responding to sensory information.

Question 9

Discovery learning was propounded by..................

Accepted Answer

Jerome Bruner is credited with developing the theory of discovery learning, which emphasizes that students learn best by discovering information themselves rather than being given explicit instructions.

Question 10

The gland causes drowsiness and sluggish metabolism when its hormone is under active.

Accepted Answer

The thyroid gland, when underactive (a condition known as hypothyroidism), can cause symptoms such as drowsiness and a sluggish metabolism, among other issues. This is because the thyroid gland produces hormones that regulate the body's energy use, along with many other important functions.

Question 11

The type of attention in which an individual diverts attention towards a particular activity deliberately.

Accepted Answer

Voluntary attention is when an individual consciously decides to focus on a specific task or activity, directing their attention towards it on purpose.

Question 12

An internal drive or urge that compels an individual to act in a particular way.

Accepted Answer

Motivation is the internal drive or urge that compels an individual to act in a particular way, influencing their behavior towards achieving specific goals or satisfying needs.

Question 13

Which among the following is NOT a 'grouping strategy' used in organization of visual perception?

Accepted Answer

Constancy is a perceptual principle that refers to the brain's ability to recognize objects as being the same under different conditions (e.g., changes in lighting, perspective, or context), rather than a strategy for grouping elements in visual perception. Similarity, proximity, and continuity are all principles of Gestalt psychology that describe how we tend to group similar elements, elements that are close to each other, and elements that form a continuous form, respectively.

Question 14

The type of extra sensory perception in which the individual has the ability to acquire information by means other than known by human senses.

Accepted Answer

Clairvoyance is the type of extra sensory perception that allows individuals to gain information about an object, person, location, or physical event through means other than the known human senses.

Question 15

The psychologist who held the belief that human behaviours are motivated by unconscious instincts and urges.

Accepted Answer

Sigmund Freud is the psychologist known for proposing that human behaviors are motivated by unconscious instincts and urges, a fundamental concept in his psychoanalytic theory.

Question 16

Which among the following is NOT included in Gestalt Laws of Learning?

Accepted Answer

The Law of Readiness is part of Edward Thorndike's learning theory, not the Gestalt Laws of Learning, which include principles like similarity, closure, and continuity.

Question 17

Who proposed that learning is a process of perceptual organization and reorganization of one's life space?

Accepted Answer

Kurt Lewin is known for proposing that learning is a process of perceptual organization and reorganization within one's life space, emphasizing the dynamic interplay between the individual and their environment.

Question 18

The process of cognitive development in which the learner incorporates new information in to the already existing cognitive structure.

Accepted Answer

Assimilation is the cognitive process where a person integrates new information into their existing knowledge framework without changing that framework. This is distinct from accommodation, where the existing framework itself is altered to incorporate new information.

Question 19

According to Vygotsky, the difference between actual development and potential development is called...............

Accepted Answer

The Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) is a concept introduced by Lev Vygotsky, which refers to the difference between what a learner can do without help and what he or she can achieve with guidance and encouragement from a skilled partner.

Question 20

Which among the following is NOT included in Bandura's modelling?

Accepted Answer

Bandura's modeling process includes attention, retention, and reproduction as key components for learning through observation. Symbolism is not explicitly listed as part of his modeling process.

Quiz 1: Psychology: Behavioral Processes and Learning Theories