Question 1

The phrase Social Darwinism was first used in..............................

Accepted Answer

The phrase "Social Darwinism" was first used in 1887. It refers to various theories that emerged in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, which applied biological concepts of natural selection and survival of the fittest to sociology, economics, and politics.

Question 2

Social Darwinism was the name given to the theories of......................, an elitist philosopher.

Accepted Answer

Herbert Spencer, an English philosopher, is associated with the term "Social Darwinism." He applied the concept of "survival of the fittest" to society, suggesting that human social life and institutions evolved through the same process of natural selection as species in nature. This was distinct from Charles Darwin's work, which focused on the evolution of species in the natural world.

Question 3

......................coined the phrase "survival of the fittest," and this was the essence of his thought on society.

Accepted Answer

Herbert Spencer coined the phrase "survival of the fittest," applying it to his sociological theories, which were influenced by the evolutionary ideas of Charles Darwin.

Question 4

...................... justified the mass murder of the Jewish people during World War II as purging inferior genetics.

Accepted Answer

Adolf Hitler justified the mass murder of the Jewish people during World War II as part of his ideology of racial purity, which he believed involved purging inferior genetics.

Question 5

Matthew Arnold is one of the great social voices of the ...................era.

Accepted Answer

Matthew Arnold is recognized as a significant social voice of the Victorian era, which spanned from 1837 to 1901, reflecting the period of Queen Victoria's reign.

Question 6

........................... wrote his autobiography Apologia (1865-66).

Accepted Answer

John Henry Newman wrote his autobiography "Apologia Pro Vita Sua" (1865-66), which defends his religious opinions and Roman Catholic faith after his conversion from Anglicanism.

Question 7

....................... wrote the popular hymns "Lead, Kindly Light" and "Praise to the Holiest in the Height" (taken from Gerontius).

Accepted Answer

John Henry Newman wrote the hymns "Lead, Kindly Light" and "Praise to the Holiest in the Height."

Question 8

.................. - was "the greatest labouring-class poet that England has ever produced.

Accepted Answer

John Clare is often referred to as "the greatest labouring-class poet that England has ever produced" due to his background as a farm laborer and his profound connection to the English countryside, which he depicted in his poetry.

Question 9

..................... of Ireland during much of Queen Victoria's reign and remains one of the most popular British poets.

Accepted Answer

Alfred Tennyson was the Poet Laureate of Great Britain and Ireland during much of Queen Victoria's reign and is one of the most popular British poets.

Question 10

.................. excelled at penning short lyrics, such as "Break, Break, Break", "The Charge of the Light Brigade", "Tears, Idle Tears" and "Crossing the Bar".

Accepted Answer

Alfred Tennyson is renowned for his lyrical poetry, including "Break, Break, Break", "The Charge of the Light Brigade", "Tears, Idle Tears", and "Crossing the Bar".

Question 11

....................... was an English poet and playwright whose mastery of the dramatic monologue made him one of the foremost Victorian poets.

Accepted Answer

Robert Browning was known for his mastery of the dramatic monologue, distinguishing him as a leading Victorian poet.

Question 12

'The Strayed Reveller and Other Poems" was the first book of poetry penned by........................, which was published in 1849.

Accepted Answer

"The Strayed Reveller and Other Poems" was the first book of poetry written by Matthew Arnold, marking his debut in the literary world in 1849.

Question 13

.....................published 'Empedocles on Etna and Other Poems' (1852) and 'Poems: A New Edition' (1853

Accepted Answer

Matthew Arnold is the author of 'Empedocles on Etna and Other Poems' (1852) and 'Poems: A New Edition' (1853). He was a prominent poet and critic of the Victorian era.

Question 14

Apart from the poetry, ..................penned many prominent critical works, which includes 'Essays in Criticism' (1865), and 'Culture and Anarchy' (1869).

Accepted Answer

Matthew Arnold is known for his critical works 'Essays in Criticism' (1865) and 'Culture and Anarchy' (1869), alongside his poetry.

Question 15

The Oxford movement was a movement of High Church members of the Church of ............................. which eventually developed into Anglo-Catholicism.

Accepted Answer

The Oxford Movement was a movement within the Church of England, starting in the early 19th century, aimed at reinstating older Christian traditions and beliefs, and it significantly influenced the development of Anglo-Catholicism within Anglicanism.

Question 16

The ..................movement's philosophy was known as Tractarianism after its series of publications, the Tracts for the Times, published from 1833 to 1841.

Accepted Answer

The Oxford Movement, also known as Tractarianism, was a movement within the Church of England that started in the early 19th century. Its philosophy was outlined in a series of publications called the Tracts for the Times, published from 1833 to 1841, aiming to return the church to its traditional rituals and theological roots.

Question 17

...................... is a political philosophy or worldview founded on ideas of liberty and equality.

Accepted Answer

Liberalism is the political philosophy that emphasizes liberty and equality as its core principles, advocating for individual freedoms and equal rights under the law.

Question 18

....................... rejected the notions, common at the time, of hereditary privilege, religion, absolute, and the Divine Right of Kings.

Accepted Answer

Liberalism is the political ideology that historically opposed hereditary privilege, the unquestioned authority of religion, absolute monarchy, and the Divine Right of Kings, advocating instead for individual freedoms, equality before the law, and democracy.

Question 19

.................. literary success began with the 1836 serial publication of The Pickwick Papers.

Accepted Answer

Charles Dickens's literary success indeed began with the 1836 serial publication of "The Pickwick Papers," marking the start of his illustrious career as a writer.

Question 20

................... was an English novelist of the 19th century is famous for his satirical works, particularly Vanity Fair, a panoramic portrait of English society.

Accepted Answer

William Makepeace Thackeray is known for his satirical works, with "Vanity Fair" being one of his most famous novels that critiques English society.

Quiz 3: Literary and Philosophical Figures of the Victorian ERA: A Compilation of Titles