Charles Owns a Club Whose Patrons Are Mostly African-American

Charles owns a club whose patrons are mostly African-American. He hires only African-Americans to serve drinks and food. Li (Asian-American) applies to work. He is qualified but is turned down. If Charles were to argue that the reason he denied Li the job is because being African-American is a bona fide occupational qualification, a court would find that Charles:

A) is wrong, based on the merit system doctrine
B) is correct, based on the Fourteenth Amendment
C) is correct, minority employers can take into account customer preferences as a BFOQ
D) is correct, based on affirmative action
E) none of the other choices