Question 1

Ecology deals with the study of:
A)Living beings
B)Living and non living components
C)Reciprocal relationship between living and non living components
D)Environment

Accepted Answer

Ecology is the branch of biology that studies the interactions among organisms and their biophysical environment, which includes both biotic and abiotic components. The correct answer is C because it specifically mentions the reciprocal relationship between living and non-living components, which is the core focus of ecological studies.

Question 2

Autecology deals with
A)Ecology of species
B)Ecology of many species
C)Ecology of community
D)All the above

Accepted Answer

Autecology is the branch of ecology that focuses on the study of individual species and their interactions with the environment, rather than the interactions of species within a community or among communities.

Question 3

Synecology deals with
A)Ecology of many species
B)Ecology of many populations
C)Ecology of community
D)None of the above

Accepted Answer

Synecology is the branch of ecology that studies the interactions and relationships between different species within a community.

Question 4

Ecotype is a type of species in which environmentally induced variations are
A)Temporary
B)Genetically fixed
C)Genetically not related
D)None of the above

Accepted Answer

Ecotypes are variations within a species that are genetically fixed, meaning these variations are heritable and result from adaptation to specific environmental conditions.

Question 5

The term 'Biocoenosis' was proposed by
A)Transley
B)Carl Mobius
C)Warming
D)None of the above

Accepted Answer

The term 'Biocoenosis' was proposed by Carl Mobius in 1877 to describe the interacting organisms living together in a habitat.

Question 6

The pyramid of energy in any ecosystem is
A)Always upright
B)May be upright or invented
C)Always inverted
D)None of the above

Accepted Answer

The pyramid of energy in any ecosystem is always upright because it represents the flow of energy from producers at the bottom through various levels of consumers, with energy decreasing at each level.

Question 7

Energy flow in ecosystem is
A)Unidirectional
B)Bidirectional
C)Multidirectional
D)None of the above

Accepted Answer

Energy flow in an ecosystem is unidirectional because it moves linearly from the sun to producers and then through various levels of consumers without reversing direction.

Question 8

An ecosystem must have continuous external source of
A)minerals
B)energy
C)food
D)All of the above

Accepted Answer

An ecosystem requires a continuous external source of energy, primarily from the sun, to drive photosynthesis in plants, which forms the basis of most food chains. Minerals and food are recycled within the ecosystem.

Question 9

Trophic levels are formed by
A)Only plants
B)only animals
C)Only carnivorous
D)Organisms linked in food chain

Accepted Answer

Trophic levels are formed by organisms linked in a food chain, representing the different stages of energy flow from primary producers to apex predators.

Question 10

Biotic potential is counteracted by
A)Competition with other organisms
B)Producer is the largest
C)Limitation of food supply
D)None of the above

Accepted Answer

The answer of Biotic potential is counteracted by
A)Competition with other...

Question 11

Definition of ecosystem is
A)The community of organisms together with the environment in which they live
B)The abiotic component of a habitat
C)The part of the earth and its atmosphere which inhibits living organisms
D)A community of organisms interacting with one another

Accepted Answer

The definition of an ecosystem encompasses both the community of organisms (biotic components) and the environment (abiotic components) in which they live, highlighting the interaction between living organisms and their physical surroundings.

Question 12

In a food chain of grassland ecosystem the top consumers are
A)Herbivorous
B)Carnivorous
C)Bacteria
D)Either carnivorous or herbivorous

Accepted Answer

In a grassland ecosystem, the top consumers are carnivorous animals. These animals feed on herbivores that consume plants, making them the highest level in the food chain.

Question 13

MAB stands for
A)Man and biosphere
B)Man, antibiotics and bacteria
C)Man and biotic community
D)Mayer, Anderson and Bisby

Accepted Answer

MAB stands for Man and Biosphere, which is a program initiated by UNESCO to promote sustainable development through the balanced relationship between humans and the biosphere.

Question 14

Species that occur in different geographical regions separated by special barrier are:
A)Allopatric
B)Sympatric
C)Sibling
D)None of the above

Accepted Answer

Allopatric species are those that occur in different geographical areas, separated by a physical barrier such as a body of water or a mountain range, which prevents gene flow between populations.

Question 15

Which one is true?
A)symbiosis when neither population affects each other
B)symbiosis when the interaction is useful to both the populations
C)commensalism when none of the interacting populations affect each other
D)commensalism when the interaction is useful to both the populations

Accepted Answer

Symbiosis refers to a close and often long-term interaction between two different biological species, where at least one organism benefits. When the interaction is mutually beneficial, it is specifically termed mutualism, which is a type of symbiosis. Therefore, option B is correct as it describes a symbiotic relationship where both populations benefit from the interaction.

Question 16

A high density of elephant population in an area can result in
A)mutualism
B)Intraspecific competition
C)Interspecific competition
D)Predation on one another

Accepted Answer

A high density of elephant population in an area can lead to intraspecific competition, where individuals of the same species compete for limited resources such as food, water, and space.

Question 17

Barnacles growing on the back of whale is an example for
A)mutualism
B)parasitism
C)amensalism
D)commensalism

Accepted Answer

Barnacles growing on the back of a whale is an example of commensalism, where the barnacles benefit from being transported to food-rich waters by the whale, while the whale neither benefits nor is harmed by their presence.

Question 18

Pencillium does not swallow the growth of bacterium Staphylococcus. This sort of relationship is called
A)commensalism
B)predation
C)amensalism
D)mutualism

Accepted Answer

Amensalism is a type of biological interaction where one organism is inhibited or destroyed while the other remains unaffected. In the case of Penicillium not affecting the growth of Staphylococcus, it represents a scenario where one organism (Penicillium) does not have a negative impact on the other (Staphylococcus), fitting the definition of amensalism.

Question 19

Symbiosis is shown by
A)E.coli
B)Cuscuta
C)Rafflesia
D)Monotropa

Accepted Answer

E.coli can live in the human gut where it benefits from the environment and, in return, helps with digestion and vitamin production, demonstrating a mutualistic symbiotic relationship.

Question 20

When both partners are affected negatively the nature of interaction is
A)commensalism
B)competition
C)predation
D)amensalism

Accepted Answer

Competition is the interaction where both parties are negatively affected as they vie for the same resources, such as food, space, or mates, leading to a decrease in fitness for both.

Quiz 1: Ecology and Ecosystems: Understanding Interactions and Relationships

Ecology deals with the study of:

Autecology deals with

Synecology deals with

Ecotype is a type of species in which environmentally induced variations are

The term 'Biocoenosis' was proposed by

The pyramid of energy in any ecosystem is

Energy flow in ecosystem is

An ecosystem must have continuous external source of

Trophic levels are formed by

Biotic potential is counteracted by

Definition of ecosystem is

In a food chain of grassland ecosystem the top consumers are

MAB stands for

Species that occur in different geographical regions separated by special barrier are:

Which one is true?

A high density of elephant population in an area can result in

Barnacles growing on the back of whale is an example for

Pencillium does not swallow the growth of bacterium Staphylococcus. This sort of relationship is called

Symbiosis is shown by

When both partners are affected negatively the nature of interaction is