Question 1

The amnesia of transient global amnesia is permanent.

Accepted Answer

Transient global amnesia, although frightening and anxiety provoking, is usually a benign event. As the name implies, the event is transient or temporary, having a duration of 1-6 (maybe even up to 12) hours. It is considered to be global in nature because it encompasses the entire memory of current events. The amnesia manifests as a total loss of recent memory; the learning process is completely blocked. Memory disturbances are involved.

Question 2

The patient's mental status may be graded with the Glasgow coma scale, which is a standardized system for assessing the response to stimuli.

Accepted Answer

The patient's mental status may be graded with the Glasgow coma scale, which is a standardized system for assessing the response to stimuli.

Question 3

The goals of treatment for all spinal cord injuries include restoration of the normal alignment and stability of the spine; decompression of the spinal cord, nerves, and vertebrae; and early rehabilitation of the patient.

Accepted Answer

Immediate intervention includes stabilization of the neck and spine before any movement to prevent secondary damage. Corticosteroid medications (methylprednisone) are administered to prevent or slow edema. Recent immediate intervention includes inducing a hypothermic state to the injured area, in hopes of preventing edema to the spinal cord. The goals of treatment for all spinal cord injuries include restoration of the normal alignment and stability of the spine; decompression of the spinal cord, nerves, and vertebrae; and early rehabilitation of the patient. These goals may involve surgery or using specialized medications and procedures.

Question 4

The CNS's function is to process and store sensory and motor information and to govern the state of consciousness.

Accepted Answer

The CNS includes the brain and spinal cord. Its function is to process and store sensory and motor information and to govern the state of consciousness.

Question 5

RLS is caused by hypertension.

Accepted Answer

The exact cause of RLS is unknown. The incidence of developing RLS appears to increase after the ages of 40 or 50. Anemia may play a part in the disorder. Stressful events may precipitate the onset of symptoms.

Question 6

TIA and transient global amnesia are the same thing.

Accepted Answer

TIAs are temporary episodes with duration of <24 hours of impaired neurologic functioning caused by an inadequate flow of blood to a portion of the brain. Transient global amnesia, although frightening and anxiety provoking, is usually a benign event. As the name implies, the event is transient or temporary, having a duration of 1-6 (maybe even up to 12) hours. It is considered to be global in nature because it encompasses the entire memory of current events. The amnesia manifests as a total loss of recent memory; the learning process is completely blocked. Memory disturbances are involved.

Question 7

Cephalalgia, or secondary headache, is sometimes a symptom of an underlying disorder or disease.

Accepted Answer

Headaches are commonly experienced and usually are self-limiting. Cephalalgia, or secondary headache, is sometimes a symptom of an underlying disorder or disease (for example, sinus infection or congestion, temporomandibular joint syndrome, hypertension, stroke, brain tumor, and encephalitis). In most cases, however, headaches are caused by nothing more serious than fatigue or tension.

Question 8

Ruptured disks in the cervical region of the spine often produce pain and weakness in the arms and neck.

Accepted Answer

The nucleus pulposus is contained within the annular wall in a bulging disk (see Figure 13-15, B), thus the protrusion into the spinal canal is not as severe. The rupture can cause severe back pain and even disability if it presses against or pinches the spinal nerves. Sudden, sharp pain that worsens with movement or in certain positions. It may radiate from the back to the buttocks, thigh, and leg following the course of the impinged nerve, causing pain, paresthesia, and muscle weakness in the leg (in a dermatomal pattern). When this pain results from pinching of the nerve roots that form the sciatic nerve, it is known as sciatica (see Figure 13-16). Most herniated disks occur in the lower back, between the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrae or the fifth lumbar and first sacral vertebrae (lumbosacral area). Ruptured disks in the cervical region of the spine often produce pain and weakness in the arms and neck. Pain from injury to a disk can be either unilateral or bilateral.

Quiz 13: Neurologic Diseases and Conditions

The amnesia of transient global amnesia is permanent.

The patient's mental status may be graded with the Glasgow coma scale, which is a standardized system for assessing the response to stimuli.

The goals of treatment for all spinal cord injuries include restoration of the normal alignment and stability of the spine; decompression of the spinal cord, nerves, and vertebrae; and early rehabilitation of the patient.

The CNS's function is to process and store sensory and motor information and to govern the state of consciousness.

RLS is caused by hypertension.

TIA and transient global amnesia are the same thing.

Cephalalgia, or secondary headache, is sometimes a symptom of an underlying disorder or disease.

Ruptured disks in the cervical region of the spine often produce pain and weakness in the arms and neck.