Radiation exposure may affect the hemopoietic system.

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Especially see Figures 15-14 and 15-15. Exposure to radioactive material is another threat to society. "Dirty bombs" may contain radioactive particles that can be released into the environment upon explosion. The three main types of exposure to ionizing radiation are slow, cumulative whole body exposure; sudden whole body exposure; and high-dose localized exposure. Sudden whole body exposure is the most likely form of ionizing radiation exposure for the general public in a terrorist type of event. The body's exposure to radiation may be external irradiation of all or part of the body from an external source, including radiation therapy for cancer treatment; contamination by radioactive material in gases, liquids, or solids that have been released into the environment causing external, internal, or both types of contamination; or by incorporation of the radioactive material as a sequela to other contamination. Symptoms of radiation exposure include nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea; redness and blistering of skin burns; dehydration; weakness, fatigue, exhaustion, and fainting; hair loss; ulceration of oral mucosa, esophagus, and gastrointestinal tract; vomiting blood and experiencing bloody stools; bruising; sloughing of the skin; and bleeding from nose, mouth, and gums. The extent of the toxicity of ionizing radiation depends on the dose, the distance from the source of radiation, and the length of time of the exposure. Body responses and long-term effects as an overview of major morphologic consequences are presented in Figures 15-14 and 15-15.

Radiation Exposure May Affect the Hemopoietic System