Question 1

In addition to embryonic similarities the chordates and echinoderms also each possess a hollow nerve cord located on the ____________________ side of the body.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In addition to embryonic similarities the chordates...

Question 2

For the insects that undergo complete metamorphosis the larva matures to form a ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of For the insects that undergo complete metamorphosis...

Question 3

Fossil evidence suggests that feathers existed prior to the development of a flight-capable skeleton; because these feathered animals could not fly, biologists suspect that the initial adaptive value for feathers was related their ability to

Accepted Answer

Fossil evidence suggests that feathers existed in non-flying animals such as dinosaurs, which indicates that the initial adaptive value for feathers was not related to flight. Biologists suspect that the primary function of feathers in these animals was to serve as insulation, which would have helped regulate body temperature and contributed to thermoregulation.

Question 4

The vertebrates are grouped into a lineage because all members possess an internal ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The vertebrates are grouped into a lineage...

Question 5

The figure below shows the vertebrates and arthropods as being distantly related, yet each has features, like limbs and jaws, seen in no other groups. How can such obvious similarities be disregarded in favor of embryological development as a basis for classification?

Accepted Answer

Embryos provide evidence of shared inherited features because they are securely protected during development and experience little selection pressure. This is why similarities in limbs and jaws seen in distantly related groups can be explained by a common ancestor. The fact that some groups have lost certain features, like limbs, is a secondary adaptation that does not contradict the evidence provided by embryo development.

Question 6

Recent analysis of the membranes of sponge cells suggests a closer relationship to other animals than previously suspected; if sponges are actually within the eumetazoan clade, as shown in the diagram below, it would require that they possess _____ at some point in their life history.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Recent analysis of the membranes of sponge...

Question 7

Except for the hagfish, lamprey, and their close relatives, all vertebrates have paired jaws; how did jaws form in an evolutionary clade that already had a skeleton?

Accepted Answer

Jaws are formed from modifications of the gill arches, which are already present in non-jawed vertebrates. Through evolutionary changes, one of these arches was modified into the jaw structure, allowing for the evolution of paired jaws in the vertebrate lineage.

Question 8

Sponges are considered to be the most ancient of animals; although multicellular, sponges have not developed the ____________________ present in all other animals.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Sponges are considered to be the most...

Question 9

The myriapods are a relatively small group of arthropods; its most common members are the ____________________ and ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The myriapods are a relatively small group...

Question 10

During cephalization structures associated with ____________________ and____________________ concentrate at the anterior margin of a bilateral animal.

Accepted Answer

The answer of During cephalization structures associated with ____________________ and____________________...

Question 11

The rate of habitat destruction and species loss in the world's tropical rainforests is alarming, perhaps as great as

Accepted Answer

The answer of The rate of habitat destruction and species...

Question 12

Which of the following investigations would be the least likely to provide useful information about the relationships within the kingdom Animalia?

Accepted Answer

Option C is the least likely to provide useful information about relationships within the kingdom Animalia because photosynthesis is not a characteristic of animals. The other options are all related to animal characteristics or evolution.

Question 13

Although some exceptions exist, the majority of mollusks are protected within a shell that is secreted by the animal's ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Although some exceptions exist, the majority of...

Question 14

The conservation organization Ocean Blue has developed a seafood recommendation list that advises avoiding many captive-reared species; why might seafood reared in captivity be less desirable?

Accepted Answer

All of the mentioned reasons contribute to why seafood reared in captivity may be less desirable. Aquaculture can divert food production away from staples, resulting in food insecurity for local communities, and the intense biological activity can lead to a degradation of local water and land quality. Captive-reared species may also be exposed to pollution, making them less safe for consumption.

Question 15

Snakes can often be found resting on asphalt highways at dusk; what biological factor motivates them to engage in this behavior?

Accepted Answer

Snakes are ectothermic, meaning they rely on the environment to regulate their body temperature. Asphalt retains heat and cools more slowly than surrounding ground, making it a desirable surface for snakes to rest on at dusk.

Question 16

An animal having radial symmetry, a complete gut, and mesoglea would be a(n)____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An animal having radial symmetry, a complete...

Question 17

Endoderm forms the ____________________ layer of an animal embryo.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Endoderm forms the ____________________ layer of an...

Question 18

The mesoglea in a cnidarian is not considered a true tissue because it originates as a ____________________ rather than from cell division.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The mesoglea in a cnidarian is not...

Question 19

The evolutionary tree of the vertebrates supports which conclusion?

Accepted Answer

The evolutionary tree of the vertebrates shows that humans and turtles are more closely related to each other than to any fish or amphibian. This is because they share a more recent common ancestor.

Question 20

Reptiles display many adaptations supporting a terrestrial lifestyle, but _____ is the most significant in reducing their dependency on an aquatic habitat.

Accepted Answer

The amniotic egg is the most significant adaptation in reducing the dependency of reptiles on an aquatic habitat, as it allows for the development of the embryo in a self-contained environment. This means that reptiles can lay their eggs on land, and the developing embryo can receive all the necessary nutrients and oxygen from the egg's yolk and shell, without the need for an aquatic environment. While keratinized scales, ectothermy, and the three-chambered heart are also important adaptations for a terrestrial lifestyle, they do not have as significant an impact on reducing dependence on aquatic habitats as the amniotic egg.

Quiz 4: Animalia