Question 1

The nurse explains that laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (Lasik)and photorefractive keratectomy (PRK)are methods to correct refractive errors surgically.These procedures are used to reshape the:

Accepted Answer

Both surgical procedures are used to reshape the cornea.The clinician will need to determine which structure of the eye will need surgery to correct the vision.

Question 2

The nurse recognizes that the patient who is being evaluated for a visual impairment does not have glaucoma because the tonometry reveals an intraocular pressure of ________ mm Hg.

Accepted Answer

The normal intraocular pressure is between 12 and 21 mm Hg.If the patient had glaucoma,the intraocular pressure would be abnormally high.

Question 3

The nurse explains that the portion of the eye that will make it possible for a person to see in a darkened environment is the:

Accepted Answer

The eye uses rods to accommodate dim light.Cones are the color receptors,the optic nerve transmits all sensory input from the eye to the brain,and the macula is an oval-shaped yellow spot near the center of the retina that mediates clear,detailed vision.

Question 4

A nursing diagnosis for a visually impaired patient might include all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

Patients with a visual impairment are not at risk for delayed development.They will have a nursing diagnosis of "Impaired sensory perception,Ineffective coping,and Self-care deficit."

Question 5

The nurse would include in the information given to a patient who is using topical eye medications to:

Accepted Answer

The eye drops should be dropped into the lower lid,and the nurse should press the tear duct to slow absorption.

Question 6

The nurse performing the eye irrigation would:

Accepted Answer

The direction of the flow should be from the inner canthus to the outer canthus.

Question 7

During the initial assessment of a very thin patient at the eye clinic,the nurse notes that the patient has very prominent eyes.The nurse should inquire about a history of:

Accepted Answer

The appearance of the patient and the prominence of the eye (exophthalmos)would lead the nurse to inquire about a thyroid disorder such as Graves disease or hyperthyroidism.

Question 8

The 52-year-old patient complains that he must hold his paper farther and farther away from his face to read it.The nurse's most informative response would be:

Accepted Answer

Presbyopia is a normal age-related change.Changes in the ciliary muscles cause the condition.Corrective lenses such as bifocals are used to correct this visual change.

Question 9

When the patient asks what electroretinography is supposed to measure,the nurse responds that:

Accepted Answer

A contact lens electrode is placed on the eye,and retinal activity is assessed as lights are flashed into the eye.The other three options describe fluorescein angiography,visual-evoked response,and tonometry.

Question 10

When being interviewed,a 50-year-old patient says that he cannot see the newspaper as well as he used to.The nurse knows that vision changes from near to far occur because:

Accepted Answer

Accommodation or adjustment of the lens by contraction and expansion of the ciliary muscle allows an individual to see far or near.

Question 11

Implementations that are appropriate in the care plan for a visually impaired person include:

Accepted Answer

The nurse should announce her or his presence in the room and address the patient before touching him or her.The bed should be in the lowest position,and the door should be open to avoid social isolation.

Question 12

The patient with glaucoma who is taking a beta-adrenergic blocking agent,timolol (Timoptic),should be monitored for:

Accepted Answer

Beta-adrenergic blocking agents cause bronchospasm and tachycardia.

Question 13

The newly diagnosed patient with macular degeneration flings her book at the television set and furiously says,"I can't read this blasted book,and I can't see what is on the stupid TV!" The nurse recognizes this behavior as:

Accepted Answer

Frequently,a grieving process accompanies the realization that deteriorating vision and ultimate blindness is inevitable with macular degeneration.

Question 14

The nurse explains that the correct term to use for a patient with a vision disorder is:

Accepted Answer

The term visual impairment is a medically accepted term to use for patients with a vision loss.

Question 15

When asked about his vision,the patient says that the last time he had it tested his vision was recorded as 20/50.This means that the patient:

Accepted Answer

The Snellen eye chart is read at 20 feet.The last line the patient can read with no more than two errors is recorded.This patient was able to read the 50-foot line at 20 feet,which means that he is reading at 20 feet what a person with normal vision can read at 50 feet.

Question 16

The 60-year-old patient who has had an enucleation asks when he can get his prosthesis fitted.The nurse responds that the prosthesis will be fitted by an optician in approximately _________ weeks.

Accepted Answer

After an enucleation,the patient is fitted with a prosthesis in 1 month.

Question 17

The nurse instructs a family member how to guide a visually impaired person when ambulating by:

Accepted Answer

Allowing the visually impaired person to walk slightly behind the helper and holding the helper's arm is the most effective way to guide someone who is visually impaired.

Question 18

The patient who has been taking opioid medication for postoperative pain exhibits pinpoint pupils.The anatomic portion of the eye that has been affected by the medication is the:

Accepted Answer

The choroid of the eye contains the pupil and iris.

Question 19

When providing patient education about protecting vision,the nurse should tell the patient that:

Accepted Answer

Eye examinations every 2 years are recommended for persons over 40 years of age.All the other options are indications that the person should consult a physician for an eye disorder.

Question 20

The nurse explains to the patient who is to have a pneumatonometric study of the eye that this procedure requires that:

Accepted Answer

A pneumotonometer directs a puff of air at the surface of the eye,measuring intraocular pressure by measuring the resistance to the air.The eye is anesthetized before the evaluation.

Quiz 51: Eye and Vision Disorders

The nurse explains that laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (Lasik) and photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) are methods to correct refractive errors surgically.These procedures are used to reshape the: