Question 1

The neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) environment ______________________.

Accepted Answer

The NICU environment often provides sensory inputs and experiences that are significantly different from the natural intrauterine environment, which can potentially interfere with neurodevelopment. This is due to factors such as artificial lighting, noise from medical equipment, and handling for medical care, which are not present in the womb and can affect the infant's development.

Question 2

One of the most reliable expressions of an infant's tolerance for a sensory experience is _______________________________.

Accepted Answer

A

Question 3

Which one of the following is NOT a well-accepted over-arching principle of NICU care?

Accepted Answer

Minimizing family integration and involvement until the infant is medically stable is not a well-accepted principle. In contrast, current NICU care emphasizes family-centered care, encouraging the integration and involvement of the infant's family in all aspects of care from the beginning, as it is believed to improve outcomes for both the infant and the family.

Question 4

In NICU care, postural containment such as swaddling, holding close, and skin-to-skin holding (kangaroo mother care) throughout early infancy might be considered as ________________________________.

Accepted Answer

Postural containment methods like swaddling, holding close, and skin-to-skin holding are considered Sensory Integration (SI) intervention approaches that focus on the application of tactile input and deep pressure touch. These methods are known to have a calming effect and generally work to reduce the arousal level in infants, making them particularly beneficial in the NICU setting where minimizing stress and promoting comfort are key objectives.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of neuroprotective care?

Accepted Answer

Neuroprotective care focuses on protecting the neurological development of infants, especially those who are premature or at risk, by minimizing stress and pain, supporting sleep and arousal regulation, and involving families in care. Traditional, play-based Ayres Sensory Integration (ASI) treatment, while beneficial for sensory motor development, is not specifically characterized as a neuroprotective care strategy. Neuroprotective care emphasizes interventions that directly support the developing brain, often in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) setting, rather than broader developmental interventions like ASI.

Question 6

Many young children with neurodevelopmental problems including those born prematurely benefit from early intervention services supported through Part C of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). This program ________________________.

Accepted Answer

Part C of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) provides federal funding and mandates interdisciplinary, family-centered early supports and services for children under 3 years of age who qualify for services. This includes a broad range of developmental issues, not limited to known disabilities or excluding conditions like sensory processing deficits.

Question 7

Dunn's model of sensory processing includes which four patterns of sensory processing that are characteristic of young children?

Accepted Answer

Dunn's model of sensory processing identifies four primary patterns of sensory processing in children: sensory seeking, sensory avoiding, sensory sensitivity, and sensory registration. These patterns describe how individuals respond to sensory input in their environment, ranging from seeking out sensory experiences to avoiding them, being overly sensitive to sensory stimuli, or not registering sensory input as intensely as others might.

Question 8

According to Dunn's model of sensory processing, which pattern is characterized by low neurological thresholds coupled with active self-regulatory strategies such as withdrawing from situations perceived as threatening?

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Dunn's model of sensory processing,...

Question 9

Children with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) commonly present with sensory processing and integration deficits. What are the three hallmark diagnostic criteria for ADHD?

Accepted Answer

The three hallmark diagnostic criteria for ADHD are inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity, which are used to classify the disorder into its various subtypes.

Question 10

What type(s) of sensory processing and integration problems or patterns of dysfunction are characteristic of children with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What type(s) of sensory processing and integration...

Question 11

When using or applying the Ayres Sensory Integration (ASE) intervention with children with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), it is important to consider all of the following EXCEPT ______________________________.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is D because Ayres Sensory Integration (ASI) primarily focuses on direct intervention within a controlled therapeutic environment rather than modifications or accommodations in classroom settings, such as listening programs or alternate seating arrangements. ASI interventions are designed to provide structured, sensory-rich activities tailored to the child's specific needs, which are typically conducted in a specially designed therapeutic space rather than through classroom-based strategies.

Question 12

Which of the following programs has been used with children with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) to address behavioral and emotional regulation? This program emphasizes techniques and education, including sensory strategies for improving problem-solving and understanding and self-control of emotions.

Accepted Answer

The Zones of Regulation, developed by Leah Kuypers in 2011, is a program designed to teach children self-regulation and emotional control, which is particularly beneficial for those with ADHD. It focuses on helping children recognize their feelings and levels of alertness, and provides strategies for emotional and sensory regulation, making it a suitable choice for addressing behavioral and emotional regulation in children with ADHD.

Question 13

An important consideration for occupational therapists working with adults with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and sensory processing and integration problems is to ____________________.

Accepted Answer

Problem-solving ways to apply sensory-based strategies and sensory integration techniques to modify tasks and daily routines can help adults with ADHD and sensory processing issues better manage their daily occupations and improve their performance in daily activities. This approach is practical and directly applicable to the individual's daily life, making it an important consideration for occupational therapists.

Question 14

Which of the following is TRUE regarding sensory processing in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)?

Accepted Answer

Up to 90% of children with ASD have unusual responses to sensory stimuli, which is a common characteristic of the disorder.

Question 15

Occupational therapists working with a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and using the Ayres Sensory Integration (ASI) approach may be particularly challenged in the context of a treatment session by ________________________________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Occupational therapists working with a child with...

Question 16

Evidence-based research evaluating the efficacy of sensory integration (SI) treatment and sensory-based treatment in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) includes which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Systematic reviews and meta-analyses provide comprehensive evaluations of multiple studies, including various methodologies like randomized clinical trials, to assess the efficacy of treatments.

Question 17

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the evidence-based research evaluating the efficacy of sensory integration (SI) treatment and sensory-based treatment in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)?

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that there is weaker evidence supporting sensory-based approaches that rely on passive application of sensation compared to the Ayres Sensory Integration (ASI) approach, which is more active and tailored to the individual's needs.

Question 18

Which population has the most research and strongest evidence base related to the effectiveness of sensory integration (SI) and sensory-based treatment approaches?

Accepted Answer

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have been the focus of a significant amount of research regarding sensory integration (SI) and sensory-based treatments. This population often experiences sensory processing challenges, making them a primary group for studies aimed at understanding and improving the effectiveness of these therapeutic approaches.

Question 19

Which of the following is TRUE regarding children who have experienced disorders of trauma and attachment?

Accepted Answer

Children who have experienced disorders of trauma and attachment benefit from trauma-informed care, which is a specialized approach acknowledging the impact of trauma on the child. While techniques from sensory integration theory can be supportive, the primary focus is on addressing the trauma.

Question 20

Infants with a history of neglect or abuse who frequently engage in sensory seeking behavior such as extensive rocking, pulling at objects or body parts, or pounding on hard surfaces ______________________________.

Accepted Answer

These behaviors can serve as a form of self-regulation or self-soothing for infants who have experienced neglect or abuse, helping them to manage their emotions and calm themselves.

Quiz 19: Application of Sensory Integration With Specific Populations