The development of hypertension in humans is associated with

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All of the choices listed (obesity, smoking, age, and kidney disease) are recognized factors associated with the development of hypertension in humans. Obesity can lead to increased blood pressure due to the added strain on the heart. Smoking can cause immediate temporary increases in blood pressure and long-term damage to blood vessels, leading to hypertension. Age is a factor because, as people get older, their blood vessels naturally stiffen, which can increase blood pressure. Kidney disease can lead to hypertension because the kidneys play a key role in controlling blood pressure by regulating the volume of blood and the amount of sodium in the body.

The Development of Hypertension in Humans Is Associated with