Question 1

Both knowledge engineers and system analysts have the same goal; to create a thorough specification of an information system that can be successfully implemented.

Accepted Answer

Both roles aim to understand and specify the requirements and functionalities of an information system thoroughly to ensure it can be implemented effectively, although they may approach the task from different technical perspectives or stages in the development process. Knowledge engineers focus on capturing and structuring knowledge for artificial intelligence systems, while system analysts focus on understanding and specifying the requirements for a broader range of information systems.

Question 2

Knowledge engineers need to have a high degree of domain knowledge combined with a broad set of system development skills.

Accepted Answer

Knowledge engineers must understand the specific domain they are working in to accurately model its knowledge and processes, and they also need a wide range of system development skills to effectively design, implement, and maintain knowledge-based systems.

Question 3

Each expert system is a one-of-a-kind system and its success is predicated on the skill of the KEs to extract knowledge that is deeply hidden in the mind of a human expert.

Accepted Answer

Expert systems are unique because they rely on the ability of Knowledge Engineers (KEs) to elicit and codify the tacit knowledge from human experts into a form that can be processed by the system, making the skill of KEs crucial for the system's success.

Question 4

Data are facts, measurements, or observations with or without context.

Accepted Answer

Data can exist as raw facts, measurements, or observations that may not necessarily be placed within a context until they are interpreted or analyzed.

Question 5

Apples and oranges are an example of data.

Accepted Answer

Apples and oranges can be considered data as they represent information that can be analyzed or used to inform decisions, such as preferences in fruit consumption, nutritional comparisons, or market demand.

Question 6

Information is knowledge organized in a manner as to render it useful and relevant to a problem solver in making decisions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Information is knowledge organized in a manner...

Question 7

Knowledge is the application of a combination of instincts, ideas, rules, procedures, and information to guide the actions and decisions of a problem solver within a particular problem context.

Accepted Answer

Knowledge involves using various cognitive elements to make informed decisions and solve problems effectively.

Question 8

Knowledge is an interpretation made by the mind.

Accepted Answer

Knowledge involves the interpretation of information or data by the mind, turning it into a meaningful understanding or insight.

Question 9

If a system contains a knowledge representation, such as a model or rule set, of something, then the system itself can also be said to have knowledge, namely the knowledge embodied in that representation about that thing.

Accepted Answer

The system can be said to have knowledge insofar as it contains a representation (like a model or rule set) that encapsulates information or principles about a specific domain, allowing it to process, infer, or act upon data related to that domain in a meaningful way.

Question 10

In the knowledge representation perspective, knowledge is seen as a set of stocks or inventories in which items are transferred from one stock to another based on process or external event.

Accepted Answer

In the knowledge representation perspective, knowledge is seen as structured information or models that represent facts, concepts, processes, procedures, and relationships, rather than as a set of stocks or inventories transferred based on processes or external events.

Question 11

As the state of knowledge is increased, the chance for information overload is diminished and the quality of the knowledge is extended.

Accepted Answer

As the state of knowledge increases, the amount of information available also increases. This can lead to information overload, which can make it difficult to find the information you need. However, the increased state of knowledge also means that the quality of the information is likely to be higher, as it has been more thoroughly researched and vetted.

Question 12

In knowledge acquisition (KA), the elicitation, gathering, organizing, and formalization of the knowledge of experts in a specific domain is conducted with the goal of transforming that knowledge into some computer-usable representation.

Accepted Answer

Knowledge Acquisition (KA) is the process in which domain experts' knowledge is systematically collected, organized, and translated into a format that can be utilized by computer systems, aiming to replicate or simulate the expert's decision-making abilities in that specific domain.

Question 13

Descriptive knowledge may be analyzed using procedural knowledge.

Accepted Answer

Descriptive knowledge (knowing that) can be analyzed or interpreted using procedural knowledge (knowing how), as procedural knowledge involves understanding the processes and methods by which things are done, which can be applied to analyze or interpret descriptive facts or information.

Question 14

The acquisition of knowledge from external sources must be an active process.

Accepted Answer

Knowledge can be acquired passively, such as through observation or exposure to information without active engagement.

Question 15

The primary functions of the performance model are to fully define the task under study, assist in the selection of the expert(s), establish the user characteristics and performance criteria for the system, and to function as an interpretive framework for protocol analysis of the experts' responses.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The primary functions of the performance model...

Question 16

Knowledge engineer-driven acquisition is considered the most common approach to information gathering.

Accepted Answer

Knowledge engineer-driven acquisition is the most common approach to information gathering because it allows the knowledge engineer to control the process and ensure that the knowledge is acquired in a structured and consistent manner.

Question 17

Kim and Courtney proposed that knowledge be classified across strategic and performance dimensions.

Accepted Answer

Kim and Mauborgne proposed the classification of knowledge across strategic and performance dimensions, not Kim and Courtney.

Question 18

When using the expert-driven approach to KA, the expert encodes his or her own expertise and knowledge and enters it directly into the computer system.

Accepted Answer

In the expert-driven approach to knowledge acquisition (KA), the expert indeed encodes their own expertise and knowledge, directly inputting it into the computer system, often through rule-based systems or other forms of knowledge representation.

Question 19

Interviewing is probably the most widely used and familiar of all KA techniques.

Accepted Answer

Interviewing is indeed one of the most commonly used techniques for knowledge acquisition, as it allows direct interaction with experts or users to gather detailed information, insights, and requirements.

Question 20

Validation is concerned with whether or not the system we built conforms to its original specifications.

Accepted Answer

Validation is concerned with whether the system meets the needs and requirements of the end-users, not just its original specifications.

Quiz 8: Knowledge Engineering and Acquisition