Question 1

Which diseases are the leading causes of death in the United States and Canada?

Accepted Answer

Cardiovascular disease and cancer are the top causes of death in the United States and Canada. Liver cirrhosis, strokes, neurologic disorders, arthritis, respiratory illnesses, and diabetes are not identified as the leading causes of death in the United States and Canada.

Question 2

A patient has a history of hypertension and obesity. Which suggestion should the nurse make to help reduce the risks from these health problems?

Accepted Answer

A high level of aerobic fitness can help ameliorate risks to health caused by obesity and hypertension. Eliminating fat in the diet and following a low-carbohydrate diet may not be realistic or desirable. Yoga may help reduce blood pressure; however, there is no evidence that this activity will help with obesity.

Question 3

Which cost-effective approach can be used to communicate health promotion behaviors to community members who do not have or use computers?

Accepted Answer

While nurses work with individuals to promote health, it is important to engage people using modern media. If the population members do not have access to modern media, traditional health messages on television could be used. Not every community member uses the library. A billboard would be costly for posting the information. Placing in the information on flyers for every community member might also be costly.

Question 4

Several children in the community contract a communicable disease that could have been avoided by proper vaccination. Which action should the nurse take to encourage families to provide their children with preventative treatments?

Accepted Answer

It may be difficult to understand some parents' unwillingness to immunize their children. Seeking evidence to understand parents' perspectives, working with them by listening to their perspectives, and explaining how vaccines are created and help the body build resources to prevent illness likely will be more effective than a stigmatizing approach for noncompliance with vaccines. Asking if it is better for their children to be ill, visiting the families to find out how sick the children are, and threatening the families with child abuse are not effective actions for improving compliance with vaccinations.

Question 5

Why is it important for a nurse to engage in personal health promotion activities?

Accepted Answer

Developing resilience through personal health promotion helps reduce burnout, reduce job-related stress, and improve job satisfaction. Personal health promotion activities are not identified as improving self-esteem, improving personal relationships, or counteracting negative behaviors.

Question 6

Which approach can be used to evaluate evidence to translate health promotion into practice?

Accepted Answer

Evidence-based practice means integrating the best evidence from high-quality research; clinical judgment; and patient, family, and community preferences to develop and implement effective interventions. The use of PICOT shows how evidence is evaluated and organized to translate health promotion into practice. SOAP is a method of documentation. APIE is a method of documentation. SBAR is a strategy to improve interdisciplinary communication.

Question 7

Which should the nurse analyze to learn about the evidence for a specific health promotion intervention?

Accepted Answer

Systematic reviews are an excellent resource for dealing with the large body of evidence in health promotion because the quality of studies is examined, and important findings across studies are synthesized. Journal Web sites might not include the information desired. Individual protocols and disease management guidelines have a narrow focus and do not necessarily provide the desired evidence about a specific health promotion intervention.

Question 8

Which approach should a nurse use first to integrate evidence into practice?

Accepted Answer

Once the evidence has been evaluated, using a systematic process to integrate the evidence in practice is essential. One commonly used approach is plan-do-study-act (PDSA). Changing the organizational policy may need to be done later, after the change has been accepted. The change may need to be discussed with the medical director if it affects medical practice. Incorporating the change into standardized care plans would occur later, after the change has been implemented and found effective.

Question 9

Why would a nurse use the reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, maintenance (RE-AIM) framework?

Accepted Answer

The RE-AIM framework is used to ensure that evidence-based interventions reach the intended populations, are implemented with fidelity to the evidence, and become part of organizational policies and procedures. This framework is not used to evaluate evidence, interview patients, or analyze risk patterns.

Question 10

The test that a staff nurse would take to validate knowledge about health promotion in the adult population is sponsored by which organization?

Accepted Answer

Certification examinations are offered in a variety of clinical nurse specializations by the American Nurse Credentialing Center. The nurse would have taken the NCLEX-RN examination before becoming a staff nurse. The Pediatric Nursing Certification focuses on the pediatric population, not adults. The American Academy of Nurse Practitioners would be contacted if the nurse had completed an education program for nurse practitioners.

Quiz 1: Introduction