Question 1

Six- year- old Stacey has a serious language delay as a sole impairment. To help Stacey with her language, the BEST approach to use is
A) a natural setting such as the general classroom.
B) a syntax- based program taught in the regular classroom.
C) a remedial program based on time and drill.
D) a diagnostic- prescriptive approach in a clinic setting.
E) an interpersonal- interactive approach.

Accepted Answer

A natural setting such as the general classroom is the best approach to use to help Stacey with her language, as it allows her to learn in a context that is meaningful and relevant to her.

Question 2

A Father says to his 16 month old son, "Get your shoe."If the child is following the stages of normal language development, he is likely to
A) not understand the direction.
B) get his shoe.
C) ignore his father.
D) imitate the sentence in parrot fashion.
E) get a toy.

Accepted Answer

At 16 months, children are typically able to understand simple commands or requests, especially for familiar objects like their own shoes. This is a part of normal language comprehension development before expressive language skills are fully developed.

Question 3

When a teacher has a child with a language disorder in the classroom, the teacher should
A) ask questions that require only a yes or no answer.
B) insist that the child take part in all oral language activities.
C) speak very slowly with much overenunciation so that the child will understand.
D) use an FM communication device.
E) present new words with incidental teaching and in a variety of different contexts.

Accepted Answer

Presenting new words with incidental teaching and in a variety of different contexts helps children with language disorders to better understand and retain new vocabulary. This approach integrates learning into natural settings and provides multiple examples of how words can be used, making it easier for the child to grasp and apply the new language concepts.

Question 4

Chris is a first- born baby who has been carefully nurtured by his mother. He has been cooing for some time, and is now starting to use consanants. It appears likely that Chris's age is approaching
A) 9 months.
B) 18 months.
C) 12 months.
D) 3 months.
E) 6 months.

Accepted Answer

Babies typically start cooing (making vowel sounds) around 2 months and begin to incorporate consonant sounds between 4 to 6 months as part of their development towards babbling. Therefore, if Chris is starting to use consonants, he is likely around 6 months old.

Question 5

Six- year old Mark has a restricted vocabulary and many mispronunciations in his speech, especially with the "th", "s", and "zh"sounds. When Mark's mother and his teacher discuss the problems, the mother wants Mark referred for individual speech therapy. The teacher is reluctant to accept this suggestion and explains why. Which one of the teacher's explanations is INCORRECT?
A) children are eight years of age before they acquire all the sounds of English
B) in young children, mispronunciations are common
C) Mark is too young for remediation
D) Mark is showing only minor delays, not deviations in his speech and language development, and should catch up
E) language and speech are best learned in a natural setting where Mark can model his peers

Accepted Answer

Mark is not too young for remediation. Early intervention can be crucial for addressing speech and language issues, and there is no strict age limit for starting such interventions. Mispronunciations and restricted vocabulary can be addressed through speech therapy at Mark's age.

Question 6

Prevalence estimates in the field of speech and language disorders are difficult. One reason for this is
A) researchers often disagree on the definition and classification of speech and language delays and disorders.
B) children in other categories of exceptionality rarely show speech delays but they often have language disorders which muddy prevalence figures.
C) many terms are used to describe language delays and disorders although terminology in the area of speech disorders is fairly clear- cut.
D) health statistics are unreliable.
E) although we can clearly define the different types of speech disorders, language disorders remain controversial and ambiguous.

Accepted Answer

The difficulty in estimating prevalence rates for speech and language disorders is largely due to disagreements among researchers on how to define and classify these delays and disorders. This inconsistency in definitions and classifications makes it challenging to accurately measure and compare prevalence rates.

Question 7

The French physician Jean Marc Gaspard Itard intervened with Victor because
A) he was superstitious about Bastille Day.
B) he was required to do so by the French government.
C) he wanted to prove that mental retardation was not open to environmental modification.
D) he was searching for a cure for mutism.
E) he believed that Victor was mentally retarded and could be humanized by appropriate environmental conditions.

Accepted Answer

Jean Marc Gaspard Itard intervened with Victor, the "Wild Boy of Aveyron," because he believed that despite Victor's apparent mental retardation and feral state, he could be educated and humanized through exposure to a nurturing environment and structured education. Itard's work with Victor is considered one of the first attempts at special education and reflects early beliefs in the potential for environmental conditions to influence development and learning in individuals with disabilities.

Question 8

Grammatical approaches to teaching language can be associated with
A) semantic deficits.
B) lisping.
C) a problem with pragmatics.
D) syntactic disorders.
E) articulation disorders.

Accepted Answer

Grammatical approaches to teaching language are primarily concerned with syntax, which is the set of rules, principles, and processes that govern the structure of sentences in a given language. Therefore, these approaches are most directly associated with addressing or understanding syntactic disorders, which involve difficulties in putting words together in the correct order or using the correct form of words for different grammatical contexts.

Question 9

According to the research, English speakers talk at an average rate of____ words per minute.
A) 100
B) 125
C) 75
D) 90
E) 150

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the research, English speakers talk...

Question 10

The story of Victor is important in the study of language acquisition and development because it shows that
A) children with mental retardation such as Victor are far slower than others in developing language.
B) there are critical periods for language development and children who miss these periods do not later develop language fully.
C) children who are abused or neglected face many difficulties in language development.
D) environmental deprivation is not as important in language development as are intellectual disabilities.
E) language acquisition is hereditary.

Accepted Answer

Victor, often referred to as the "Wild Boy of Aveyron," exemplifies the critical period hypothesis in language development, suggesting that there is a specific time frame during which language acquisition must occur if it is to develop fully. Victor missed this critical period, and despite efforts to teach him language later in life, he never fully acquired it, supporting the idea that early exposure to language is crucial for normal language development.

Question 11

Lily has a speech disorder resulting from cerebral palsy, which is a disability caused by damage to the motor areas of the brain. Given Lily's condition, the type of speech disorder she demonstrates is most likely to be
A) dysarthria.
B) voice disorder.
C) phonological disorder.
D) elective mutism.
E) dysfluency.

Accepted Answer

Dysarthria is a motor speech disorder resulting from neurological injury of the motor component of the motor-speech system and is common in individuals with cerebral palsy, which affects motor areas of the brain.

Question 12

Michael is 10 years of age. He has always seemed to be lagging in speech and language development. However, it now appears that when compared to his peers, the problems are becoming more obvious. Michael omits sounds, substitutes his own words and sounds, and generally distorts pronunciations. It's likely that Michael suffers from
A) cluttering.
B) mutism.
C) phonological difficulties.
D) dysfluency.
E) an articulation disorder.

Accepted Answer

Michael's symptoms of omitting sounds, substituting words and sounds, and distorting pronunciations are indicative of an articulation disorder, which involves difficulties in physically producing specific speech sounds.

Question 13

Stuttering can be described as
A) a nervous reaction.
B) a language disorder.
C) a condition invariably caused by chronic emotional problems.
D) a disturbance in the rhythm and fluency of speech.
E) the most common type of speech disorder.

Accepted Answer

Stuttering is primarily characterized by disruptions in the rhythm and fluency of speech, making option D the most accurate description.

Question 14

Which of the following assumptions is INCORRECT? A natural environment is the most appropriate setting for the assessment and training of language because
A) generalization is easier in natural contexts.
B) language acquisition takes place best in the peace and serenity of natural surroundings.
C) language is learned in a social context.
D) language learned in natural contexts is sure to be functional.
E) language is best taught through naturally occurring events.

Accepted Answer

The incorrect assumption is that language acquisition takes place best in the peace and serenity of natural surroundings. Language learning is more about the social context and interaction rather than the serenity of the environment.

Question 15

When learning to read, students with language disorders generally
A) mispronounce "th" words.
B) have difficulties in reading.
C) read well, but spell poorly.
D) tend to be above average in reading.
E) achieve normally in reading.

Accepted Answer

Students with language disorders often have difficulties in reading due to challenges in understanding and processing language, which is a fundamental skill for reading proficiency.

Question 16

The ability to produce sound is
A) modulation.
B) articulation.
C) syntax.
D) vocalization.
E) pragmatics.

Accepted Answer

The ability to produce sound is referred to as vocalization. This involves the use of vocal organs to create sounds, which is fundamental in speech and communication for many animals, including humans.

Question 17

Typically, infants in the neonatal period initially produce
A) cooing and lalling.
B) cluttering.
C) duplicated babbling, stuttering, and lalling.
D) cooing and simple babbling.
E) reflexive cries and involuntary sounds.

Accepted Answer

Infants in the neonatal period typically produce reflexive cries and involuntary sounds as their initial form of vocalization. These sounds are not intentional communication but rather automatic responses to their immediate physical state and needs.

Question 18

Of the following components of language, which continues to develop over an individual's lifetime?
A) morphology
B) pragmatics
C) semantics
D) phonology
E) syntax

Accepted Answer

The answer of Of the following components of language, which...

Question 19

A child who says, "I pwayed a twick on you,"is demonstrating an articulation disorder characterized by
A) presuppositions.
B) substitutions.
C) omissions.
D) distortions.
E) additions.

Accepted Answer

The child is demonstrating an articulation disorder characterized by substitutions, where they are substituting "r" sounds with "w" sounds (e.g., "played" becomes "pwayed" and "trick" becomes "twick").

Question 20

Almost all children babble. However, early babbling may not be present in children with
A) schizophrenia and mild intellectual disabilities.
B) moderate intellectual disabilities and severe visual problems.
C) autism and neurological disorders.
D) multiple disabilities.
E) deafness and Down syndrome.

Accepted Answer

Autism and neurological disorders are associated with delayed or absent babbling in children.

Quiz 4: Language Development and Disorders: Exploring Approaches, Milestones, and Challenges

Six- year- old Stacey has a serious language delay as a sole impairment. To help Stacey with her language, the BEST approach to use is

A Father says to his 16 month old son, "Get your shoe."If the child is following the stages of normal language development, he is likely to

When a teacher has a child with a language disorder in the classroom, the teacher should

Chris is a first- born baby who has been carefully nurtured by his mother. He has been cooing for some time, and is now starting to use consanants. It appears likely that Chris's age is approaching

Prevalence estimates in the field of speech and language disorders are difficult. One reason for this is

The French physician Jean Marc Gaspard Itard intervened with Victor because

Grammatical approaches to teaching language can be associated with

According to the research, English speakers talk at an average rate of____ words per minute.

The story of Victor is important in the study of language acquisition and development because it shows that

Lily has a speech disorder resulting from cerebral palsy, which is a disability caused by damage to the motor areas of the brain. Given Lily's condition, the type of speech disorder she demonstrates is most likely to be

Stuttering can be described as

Which of the following assumptions is INCORRECT? A natural environment is the most appropriate setting for the assessment and training of language because

When learning to read, students with language disorders generally

The ability to produce sound is

Typically, infants in the neonatal period initially produce

Of the following components of language, which continues to develop over an individual's lifetime?

A child who says, "I pwayed a twick on you,"is demonstrating an articulation disorder characterized by

Almost all children babble. However, early babbling may not be present in children with