Question 1

The nurse is reviewing the record of a child diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome. The nurse would expect to note which of the following findings documented in the child's record?

Accepted Answer

Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and edema. Weight gain is common due to fluid retention associated with the loss of protein in the urine and subsequent reduction in plasma oncotic pressure, leading to edema.

Question 2

The nurse is planning discharge instructions for the mother of a child following orchiopexy, which was performed on an outpatient basis. Which of the following is a priori ty in the plan of care?

Accepted Answer

Wound care is a priority following orchiopexy to prevent infection and ensure proper healing of the surgical site.

Question 3

A nursing student is assigned to care for a child following surgery to correct cryptorchidism. The nursing instructor reviews the plan of care developed by the student and determines that the student is adequately prepared to care for the child if the student identifies which priority in the plan of care following this type of surgery?

Accepted Answer

Preventing tension on the suture is crucial after surgery for cryptorchidism, which involves correcting an undescended testicle. This helps ensure proper healing and reduces the risk of complications.

Question 4

A nurse is developing a plan of care for a 4-year-old child scheduled for a renal biopsy. Based on the developmental level of the child the nurse considers which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Fears of mutilation are common in preschool-age children (around 3 to 6 years old) because they have vivid imaginations and might not fully understand the procedure. They may fear that their body will be irreversibly damaged. This is why addressing and alleviating such fears is important in the care plan for a child undergoing a procedure like a renal biopsy.

Question 5

The mother of a newborn male infant with hypospadias asks the nurse why circumcision cannot be performed. The most appropriate response by the nurse is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Circumcision is often delayed in infants with hypospadias to preserve foreskin tissue, which may be used in the surgical correction of the condition.

Question 6

The nursing instructor is observing a nursing student caring for an infant with a diagnosis of bladder exstrophy. The nursing student provides appropriate care to the infant by:

Accepted Answer

Covering the bladder with a sterile, nonadhering dressing is the appropriate care for an infant with bladder exstrophy. This method helps protect the exposed bladder tissue without causing additional trauma or sticking to the sensitive area, which could cause damage when the dressing is changed.

Question 7

The nurse is developing a plan of care for a 10-year-old child diagnosed with acute glomerulonephritis. The nurse determines that which of the following is a priority for the child?

Accepted Answer

Promoting bed rest is a priority in the care of a child with acute glomerulonephritis to reduce the workload on the kidneys and help decrease the body's need for metabolic waste filtration during the acute phase of the illness.

Question 8

The nurse is collecting data on a child brought to the health care clinic by the mother with a one - week-old cat scratch. While assessing the scratch the nurse notes redness, heat, swelling, and red streaking surrounding the area. The child states that the scratch hurts. Cellulitis is diagnosed. Whenproviding home care instructions, which of the following statements made by the mother indicates a need for further education?

Accepted Answer

Cool, moist soaks are not typically recommended for cellulitis; warm, moist compresses are usually advised to help reduce swelling and promote healing.

Question 9

The nurse is providing instructions to the mother of a child with herpetic gingivostomatitis. Which of the following responses, if stated by the mother after teaching, would indicate that further instruction is required?

Accepted Answer

The correct response indicating a need for further instruction is D, "I will not give my child anything to eat for 2 days to allow the lesions to heal and crust over." This statement is incorrect because it is important to maintain nutrition and hydration in a child with herpetic gingivostomatitis. Offering soft, bland foods, encouraging fluid intake, and providing frozen ice pops can help manage symptoms and ensure the child remains hydrated and receives adequate nutrition. Withholding food entirely could lead to dehydration and malnutrition.

Question 10

The nurse is caring for a child who was burned in a house fire. The nurse develops a plan of care for monitoring the child during the treatment for burn shock. The nurse identifies which of the following assessments as providing the most accurate guide to determine the adequacy of fluid resuscitation?

Accepted Answer

Monitoring the level of consciousness is crucial as it reflects cerebral perfusion and oxygenation, which are directly affected by fluid resuscitation adequacy.

Question 11

A 2-year-old child is being transported to the trauma center from a local community hospital for treatment of a burn injury that is estimated as covering over 40% of the body. The burns are both partial- and full-thickness burns. The nurse is asked to prepare for the arrival of the child and gathers supplies, anticipating that which of the following will be prescribed initially?

Accepted Answer

Insertion of a Foley catheter is often initially prescribed to monitor urine output, which is crucial for assessing fluid balance and kidney function in burn patients, especially in severe cases involving large body surface areas.

Question 12

The nurse reinforces instructions to the mother of a child diagnosed with pediculosis (head lice). Permethrin 1% (Nix) has been prescribed. Which of the following statements, if made by the mother regarding the use of the medication, indicates a need for further education?

Accepted Answer

The correct application of permethrin 1% (Nix) for treating pediculosis involves leaving the medication on the hair for 10 minutes before rinsing, not 24 hours. This indicates a misunderstanding of the medication's instructions and a need for further education.

Question 13

The nurse is reviewing the health care record of an infant suspected of having unilateral hip dysplasia. Which of the following assessment findings would the nurse expect to note documented in the infant's record regarding this condition?

Accepted Answer

Asymmetry of the gluteal skin folds is a common sign of unilateral hip dysplasia in infants, as it indicates a difference in hip positioning or development.

Question 14

The nurse is implementing a teaching plan for a 4-month-old child who has been diagnosed with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). The child will be placed in the Pavlik harness. Which of the following statements by the family would indicate that they understand the care of their child while placed in the Pavlik harness?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is implementing a teaching plan...

Question 15

The nurse is caring for a child who fractured the ulna bone and had a cast applied 24 hours ago. The child tells the nurse that the arm feels like it is falling asleep. Which of the following nursing actions would be most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

The sensation of the arm "falling asleep" could indicate compromised circulation or nerve compression, which are serious complications that need immediate attention. Reporting the findings to the physician is the most appropriate action to ensure timely assessment and intervention.

Question 16

An adolescent is seen in the emergency department following an athletic injury. It is suspected that the child has sprained an ankle. X-rays have been obtained, and a fracture has been ruled out. The nurse is providing instructions to the adolescent regarding home care for treatment of the sprain. Which of the following instructions would the nurse provide to the adolescent?

Accepted Answer

The correct approach for managing a sprain, especially in the initial 24 to 48 hours, involves applying ice to reduce swelling and inflammation. This is part of the RICE protocol (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation), which is widely recommended for the treatment of sprains.

Question 17

The nurse is reinforcing instructions to the mother of a child who has a plaster cast applied to the left arm. Which of the following statements, if made by the mother, indicates a need for further education?

Accepted Answer

Using a heat lamp to dry a plaster cast can cause uneven drying and potentially burn the skin, indicating a misunderstanding and the need for further education.

Question 18

The nurse is assisting a physician during the examination of an infant with developmental hip dysplasia. The physician performs the Ortolani maneuver. The nurse determines that the infant exhibits a positive response to this maneuver if which of the following is noted?

Accepted Answer

A positive response to the Ortolani maneuver is indicated by a palpable click or clunk as the dislocated hip is reduced into the acetabulum during abduction of the affected hip. This is a sign of developmental hip dysplasia.

Question 19

The nurse provides instructions to the parents of an infant with hip dysplasia regarding care of the Pavlik harness. Which of the following statements, if made by one of the parents, indicates an understanding of the use of the harness?

Accepted Answer

The Pavlik harness is designed for continuous wear to effectively treat hip dysplasia, but it can be removed briefly for bathing the infant, which is the correct understanding of its use.

Question 20

The nurse is providing instructions to the parents of a child with scoliosis regarding the use of a brace. Which of the following statements, if made by one of the parents, indicates a need for further instructions?

Accepted Answer

Applying lotion under the brace can lead to skin irritation and breakdown due to moisture accumulation. It's important for the skin to remain dry to prevent these issues.

Quiz 2: Child Health