Question 1

One in four deaths in the United States can be attributed to cancer.

Accepted Answer

Cancer is a leading cause of death in the United States, with data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) indicating that approximately one in four deaths is due to cancer, making it the second leading cause of death after heart disease.

Question 2

Proactive efforts to reduce the risk of cancer include a healthy diet and regular screenings.

Accepted Answer

A healthy diet and regular screenings are proactive measures that can help reduce the risk of developing cancer by identifying risk factors early and maintaining a lifestyle that supports overall health.

Question 3

Cancer is the growth and spread of normal cells.

Accepted Answer

Cancer is the growth and spread of abnormal cells.

Question 4

A tumor can contain normal cells.

Accepted Answer

Tumors can contain a mix of cancerous cells and normal cells, including supportive stromal cells and immune cells, which can contribute to the tumor's growth and development.

Question 5

A benign tumor is a growth of abnormal cells.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A benign tumor is a growth of...

Question 6

The Human Genome Project has determined that a person who carries a marker for a certain type of cancer will inevitably develop that cancer.

Accepted Answer

The Human Genome Project has shown that while certain genetic markers can indicate a higher risk for developing specific types of cancer, they do not guarantee that an individual will inevitably develop the disease. Genetic predisposition is just one of many factors, including environmental and lifestyle influences, that can affect cancer risk.

Question 7

Chemicals in the environment that can cause cancer are called carcinogens.

Accepted Answer

Carcinogens are substances or exposures that can lead to cancer by altering cellular metabolism or damaging DNA directly in cells, which interferes with biological processes, and induces the uncontrolled, malignant growth.

Question 8

Exposure to ultraviolet light from the sun is related to the development of skin cancer.

Accepted Answer

Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light from the sun can damage the DNA in skin cells, which can lead to mutations and increase the risk of developing skin cancer.

Question 9

A woman with herpes 2 infection should not receive a Pap smear.

Accepted Answer

A Pap smear is a screening test for cervical cancer and does not test for herpes. Women with herpes can and should still receive Pap smears according to their healthcare provider's recommendations for cervical cancer screening.

Question 10

Cancer diagnosis examines cells to determine if they are normal or malignant.

Accepted Answer

Cancer diagnosis often involves examining cells under a microscope to determine if they are normal or have characteristics of malignancy, such as abnormal shapes, sizes, and organization, which can indicate cancer.

Question 11

A man who has prostate cancer might have high levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in his blood.

Accepted Answer

PSA is a protein produced by both cancerous and noncancerous tissue in the prostate, a small gland that sits below a man's bladder. High levels of PSA in the blood can be a sign of prostate cancer, although high levels can also be caused by other conditions.

Question 12

Malignant cells are noncancerous.

Accepted Answer

Malignant cells are cancerous and can invade and destroy nearby tissue and spread to other parts of the body.

Question 13

A biopsy is the removal and examination of a segment of abnormal tissue.

Accepted Answer

A biopsy involves the removal of a small amount of tissue so it can be examined in a laboratory to check for diseases or abnormalities, such as cancer.

Question 14

Staging is used to determine the invasiveness of a cancer.

Accepted Answer

Staging is a process used in cancer treatment to describe the extent to which cancer has spread within the body, which helps in determining the invasiveness of the cancer.

Question 15

Breast cancer affects both men and women.

Accepted Answer

Breast cancer, while significantly more common in women, can also affect men because both genders have breast tissue where cancer can develop.

Question 16

Lumpectomy is the removal of the breast with cancer.

Accepted Answer

Lumpectomy is the surgical removal of a lump from the breast, typically involving the removal of the cancerous tumor and a small margin of surrounding tissue, but not the entire breast.

Question 17

Mastectomy is the removal of the breast with cancer.

Accepted Answer

Mastectomy is a surgical procedure that involves the removal of one or both breasts, partially or completely, typically to treat or prevent breast cancer.

Question 18

Lung cancer has a lower survival rate than other cancers.

Accepted Answer

Lung cancer generally has a lower survival rate compared to many other cancers because it is often diagnosed at a more advanced stage, making it more difficult to treat effectively.

Question 19

The main risk factor for cervical cancer is the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

Accepted Answer

The main risk factor for cervical cancer is persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types, not HIV. However, HIV-infected individuals are at a higher risk of persistent HPV infections, which can lead to cervical cancer.

Question 20

The risk factors for testicular cancer are clearly understood.

Accepted Answer

The exact causes of testicular cancer are not fully understood, though certain factors like undescended testicles, family history, and age can increase risk.

Quiz 9: Cancers