Question 1

A parish nurse is describing the relationships between health and physical fitness to a group of older adults who all attend the same church. What potential benefits of a regular exercise program should the nurse describe? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

Clinicians and researchers who have examined the relationship between health and physical fitness have found that a regular exercise program can promote health in the following ways: by decreasing cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels; delaying degenerative changes, such as osteoporosis; and improving flexibility and overall muscle strength and endurance. Physical fitness does not improve the senses or increase blood sugar.

Question 2

An occupational health nurse is in the planning stages of a new health promotion campaign in the workplace. When appraising the potential benefits of the program, the nurse should consider that success depends primarily on what quality in the participants?

Accepted Answer

Taking responsibility for oneself is the key to successful health promotion, superseding the importance of desire to learn information, self-awareness, or time-management.

Question 3

A public health nurse is assessing the nutritional awareness of a group of women who are participating in a prenatal health class. What outcome would most clearly demonstrate that the women possess nutritional awareness?

Accepted Answer

Nutritional awareness involves an understanding of the importance of a healthy diet that supplies all of the essential nutrients. The other options are incorrect because vitamin supplements are not necessary for
a healthy diet, a certain amount of all minerals need to be eaten daily, and understanding what constitutes the recommended daily nutrients is not necessary for nutritional awareness.

Question 4

A nurse has planned a teachinglearning interaction that is aimed at middle school-aged students. To foster successful health education, the nurses planning should prioritize which of the following components?

Accepted Answer

A patients social and cultural patterns must be appropriately incorporated into the teachinglearning interaction. Pretesting may or may not be used; patient awareness is a phrase that has many meanings, none of which make the teachinglearning interaction successful. Interventions are not measured; goals and outcomes are.

Question 5

Positive patient outcomes are the ultimate goal of nursepatient interactions, regardless of the particular setting. Which of the following factors has the most direct influence on positive patient-care outcomes?

Accepted Answer

Health education is an influential factor directly related to positive patient-care outcomes. The other options are incorrect because ethnicity, the patients age, and outcome evaluation are less influential factors related to positive patient-care outcomes, though each factor should be considered when planning care.

Question 6

A school nurse is facilitating a health screening program among junior high school students. What purpose of health screening should the nurse prioritize when planning this program?

Accepted Answer

The goal of health screening in the adolescent population has been to detect health problems at an early age so that they can be treated at this time. An additional goal includes efforts to promote positive health practices at an early age. The focus is not on anticipatory guidance or evaluation of treatment. Health screening includes infectious diseases, but is not limited to these.

Question 7

A nurse recognizes that individuals of different ages have specific health promotion needs. When planning to promote health among young adults, what subject is most likely to meet this demographic groups learning needs?

Accepted Answer

Because of the nationwide emphasis on health during the reproductive years, young adults actively seek programs that address prenatal health, parenting, family planning, and womens health issues. The other options are incorrect because they are not health promotion classes typically sought out by young adults.

Question 8

Middle-aged adults are part of an age group that is known to be interested in health and health promotion, and the nurse is planning health promotion activities accordingly. To what suggestions do members of this age group usually respond with enthusiasm? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

Young and middle-aged adults represent an age group that not only expresses an interest in health and health promotion but also responds enthusiastically to suggestions that show how lifestyle practices can improve health; these lifestyle practices include nutrition and exercise. Middle-aged adults may not respond positively to teaching aimed at the aging. Adherence is not noted to be a desired focus in this age group.

Question 9

A community health nurse has been asked to participate in a health fair that is being sponsored by the local senior center. The nurse should select educational focuses in the knowledge that older adults benefit most from what kind of activities?

Accepted Answer

Although their chronic illnesses and disabilities cannot be eliminated, the elderly can benefit most from activities that help them maintain independence and achieve an optimal level of health. For many older adults, this is a priority over social interaction, finances, or eating well, even though each of these subjects is important.

Question 10

A recent nursing graduate is aware that the nursing scope of practice goes far beyond what is characterized as bedside care. Which of the following is a nurses primary responsibility?

Accepted Answer

As health care professionals, nurses have a responsibility to promote activities that foster well-being, self-actualization, and personal fulfillment. Nurses often promote activities that enhance the community and encourage self-awareness; however, they are not a nurses central responsibility. As professionals, nurses do not actively seek to influence social interactions.

Question 11

A nurse who provides care at the campus medical clinic of a large university focuses many of her efforts on health promotion. What purpose of health promotion should guide the nurses efforts?

Accepted Answer

The purpose of health promotion is to focus on the persons potential for wellness and to encourage appropriate alterations in personal habits, lifestyle, and environment in ways that reduce risks and enhance health and well-being. The other options are incorrect because the purpose of health promotion is not to teach people how to grow in a holistic manner, to accommodate their limitations, or to change the environment in ways that enhances cultural expectations.

Question 12

Health care professionals are involved in the promotion of health as much as in the treatment of disease. Health promotion has evolved as a part of health care for many reasons. Which of the following factors has most influenced the growing emphasis on health promotion?

Accepted Answer

The concept of health promotion has evolved because of a changing definition of health and an awareness that wellness exists at many levels of functioning. The other options are incorrect because health promotion has not evolved because we know that wellness exists or a belief that disease is preventable. No expanded definition of chronic illness has caused the concept of health promotion to evolve.

Question 13

A nurse is working with a male patient who has recently received a diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). When performing patient education during discharge planning, what goal should the nurse emphasize most strongly?

Accepted Answer

One of the goals of patient education is to encourage people to adhere to their therapeutic regimen. This is a very important goal because if patients do not adhere to their therapeutic regimen, they will not attain their optimal level of wellness. In this patients circumstances, this is likely a priority over exercise or nutrition, though these are important considerations. A disease-free state is not obtainable.

Question 14

Research has shown that patient adherence to prescribed regimens is generally low, especially when the patient will have to follow the regimen for a long time. Which of the following individuals would most likely benefit from health education that emphasizes adherence?

Accepted Answer

Many people do not adhere to their prescribed regimens; rates of adherence are generally low, especially when the regimens are complex or of long duration (e.g., therapy for tuberculosis, multiple sclerosis, and HIV infection and hemodialysis). This is less likely in a person with MRSA, an arm fracture, or a bowel obstruction.

Question 15

You are the clinic nurse providing patient education to a teenage girl who was diagnosed 6 months ago with type 1 diabetes. Her hemoglobin A1C results suggest she has not been adhering to her prescribed treatment regimen. As the nurse, what variables do you need to assess to help this patient better adhere to her treatment regimen? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

Nurses success with health education is determined by ongoing assessment of the variables that affect a patients ability to adopt specific behaviors, to obtain resources, and to maintain a healthy social environment. The patients ability to teach her friends about her condition is not a variable that the nurse would likely assess when educating the patient about her treatment regimen. Type 1 diabetes is not curable.

Question 16

Nurses who are providing patient education often use motivators for learning with patients who are struggling with behavioral changes necessary to adhere to a treatment regimen. When working with a 15 -year-old boy who has diabetes, which of the following motivators is most likely to be effective?

Accepted Answer

Using a learning contract or agreement can also be a motivator for learning. Such a contract is based on assessment of patient needs; health care data; and specific, measurable goals. Young adults would not respond well to the use of star charts, point systems, or food as reward for behavioral change. These types of motivators would work better with children.

Question 17

As the nurse working in a gerontology clinic, you know that some elderly people do not adhere to therapeutic regimens because of chronic illnesses that require long-term treatment by several health care providers. What is the most important consideration when dealing with this segment of the population?

Accepted Answer

Above all, health care professionals must work together to provide continuous, coordinated care; otherwise, the efforts of one health care professional may be negated by those of another. Interactions do not necessarily need to be witnessed. The care team should be aware of the patients use of supplements, but this is not a priority principle that guides overall care.

Question 18

An adult patient will be receiving outpatient intravenous antibiotic therapy for the treatment of endocarditis. The nurse is preparing to perform health education to ensure the patients adherence to the course of treatment. Which of the following assessments should be the nurses immediate priority?

Accepted Answer

Before beginning health teaching, nurses must conduct an individual cultural assessment instead of relying only on generalized assumptions about a particular culture. This is likely a priority over previous medical history and relationships, though these are relevant variables. The teaching plan would not be created at this early stage in the teaching process.

Question 19

The nurse is working with a male patient who has diagnoses of coronary artery disease and angina pectoris. During a clinic visit, the nurse learns that he has only been taking his prescribed antiplatelet medication when he experiences chest pain and fatigue. What nursing diagnosis is most relevant to this assessment finding?

Accepted Answer

This patients actions suggest that by taking his medications incorrectly he is not adequately maintaining his health. Role performance is not directly applicable to the patients actions and confusion suggests a cognitive deficit. Pain is not central to the essence of the problem.

Quiz 4: Health Education and Promotion