Question 1

The advantage of chorionic villus sampling (CVS) over amniocentesis is that CVS

Accepted Answer

CVS can be performed between the 10th and 12th weeks of pregnancy, which is earlier than amniocentesis, typically performed between the 15th and 20th weeks. This allows for earlier genetic testing and decision-making.

Question 2

Endoscopic fetoscopy allows health care providers to

Accepted Answer

Endoscopic fetoscopy is a procedure that allows direct visualization of the fetus and placenta, enabling healthcare providers to obtain fetal tissue samples or perform fetal surgery.

Question 3

With __________, scientists can screen embryos before they are implanted in the mother's uterus.

Accepted Answer

The answer of With __________, scientists can screen embryos before...

Question 4

In vitro fertilization refers to a procedure whereby

Accepted Answer

In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a process where an egg and sperm are combined outside the body, typically in a laboratory dish, to create an embryo. This embryo is then transferred to the uterus with the goal of establishing a successful pregnancy.

Question 5

Chloe O'Brien, born in England in April 1992, was the first baby to be born after in vitro fertilization following DNA analysis before implantation. Her parents were carriers of the cystic fibrosis gene. Chloe's mother:

Accepted Answer

Chloe O'Brien's birth marked the first use of preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD), where DNA analysis is done before implantation to ensure the baby does not inherit specific genetic conditions. This process allowed her parents to know she did not have cystic fibrosis before she was even implanted in her mother's womb, eliminating the need for procedures like amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling to test for the disease after pregnancy had begun.

Question 6

Which of the following medical procedures is now possible?

Accepted Answer

All of the alternatives are true. Gene therapy is a medical field involving the modification of genes to treat or prevent disease. Treating fetal immune deficiencies and hydrocephalus in utero are also possible, with advancements in prenatal surgery and interventions allowing for treatments before birth.

Question 7

All of the following are prenatal treatments except:

Accepted Answer

Amniocentesis is a diagnostic procedure rather than a treatment. It involves taking a sample of amniotic fluid to test for genetic abnormalities and infections, not treating the fetus.

Question 8

Consider the natural challenges, drugs, and environmental chemicals, which may negatively affect prenatal development. Using this information, develop a list of ways that a mother-to-be can change her behaviour to reduce risks to her baby.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Consider the natural challenges, drugs, and environmental...

Question 9

What is a teratogen? Discuss the six principles that are used to explain teratogenic influences on prenatal development. Give an example of each principle.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is a teratogen? Discuss the six...

Question 10

Explain why some teratogens have more severe effects on the fetus than others, depending on the period in which the fetus is exposed to the teratogen.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain why some teratogens have more severe...

Question 11

What are the major developmental milestones that take place in the zygote, embryo, and fetus? When is the baby most susceptible to teratogens and why?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are the major developmental milestones that...

Question 12

Studies of adopted children and their biological and adoptive families are often used to tease apart the contributions of nature and nurture. The basic premise of such research rests on an assumption that the biological mother only contributes to the nature side of a baby raised by someone else. Discuss the evidence that exists to challenge such a premise.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Studies of adopted children and their biological...

Question 13

Discuss the ethical concerns that have emerged with the technological advances that now make in vitro fertilization, fetal screening, and fetal surgery possible.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss the ethical concerns that have emerged...

Question 14

Explain why so many parents are using genetic counselling and are screening for abnormalities in their children. What are the advantages and disadvantages of such methods?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain why so many parents are using...

Quiz 4: Prenatal Development