In his studies of the processes of inheritance, Mendel first mated a purple-flowered pea plant with a white-flowered pea plant, and then mated the new offspring with each other. What did the second generation offspring look like?

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Mendel's experiments with pea plants demonstrated the principles of inheritance. In his experiments, when he crossed a purebred purple-flowered plant with a purebred white-flowered plant, all first-generation offspring (F1) were purple-flowered, showing that the purple flower trait is dominant. When these F1 plants were crossed with each other, the second generation (F2) followed a phenotypic ratio of 3:1, where approximately three-fourths of the plants were purple-flowered and one-fourth were white-flowered. This outcome is due to the segregation of alleles during gamete formation and the random fertilization process leading to a 3:1 ratio in the F2 generation.

In His Studies of the Processes of Inheritance, Mendel First