Question 1

Prior to 1500, there were no sustained increases in the material prosperity of human labor because of a combination of

Accepted Answer

Prior to 1500, the combination of resource scarcity and expanding populations limited sustained increases in the material prosperity of human labor. Expanding populations increased the demand for resources, which were scarce, making it difficult to improve living standards significantly.

Question 2

One of the oldest ideas in economics is that _________ in technological capability induce _________ in human fertility that will inevitably run into natural resource scarcity.

Accepted Answer

The idea is that technological advancements lead to increased human fertility, which eventually encounters the limits of natural resources, a concept rooted in Malthusian theory.

Question 3

Thomas R. Malthus saw a world in which inventions and higher living standards led to _______ in the rate of population growth.

Accepted Answer

Malthus theorized that improvements in living standards and technological advancements would lead to increased population growth, as they would reduce mortality rates and encourage larger families.

Question 4

According to Thomas R. Malthus, faster rates of population growth _______ natural resource scarcity and
_______ productivity.

Accepted Answer

According to Thomas R. Malthus, faster rates of population growth would increase natural resource scarcity and decrease productivity due to the pressure on available resources.

Question 5

We no longer live in a Malthusian age because for, at least two hundred years, improvements in the_______ of labor made possible by new _______ and better ________ have not been neutralized by natural resource scarcity.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is B) efficiency; technology; organizations. This is because improvements in the efficiency of labor, enabled by new technology and better organizations, have allowed for growth and development that outpaces the limitations previously thought to be imposed by natural resource scarcity, as per Malthusian theory.

Question 6

The demographic transition sees, first, a ______ in birth and a sharp ______ in death rates as material standards of living increase above "subsistence" levels and then birth rates start to _______ rapidly too.

Accepted Answer

The demographic transition model describes how, as societies develop, they initially experience a fall in death rates due to improvements in healthcare and nutrition, leading to population growth. Birth rates initially remain high but eventually start to decrease as well, as factors such as family planning and women's education improve.

Question 7

Demographers believe that the world population has at most _______________ to undergo before the demographic transition will have taken hold throughout the world.

Accepted Answer

Demographers generally agree that the world population is likely to experience one more doubling before the demographic transition (the shift from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates as a country develops from a pre-industrial to an industrialized economic system) is fully realized globally. This is based on current trends and projections about population growth and the spread of development.

Question 8

Each of the following are inventions which occurred after 1750 (and were thus part of the industrial revolution) except

Accepted Answer

The printing press was invented by Johannes Gutenberg in the mid-15th century, around 1440, which predates the Industrial Revolution by several centuries. The other options, such as the steam engine, spinning jenny, and power loom, were indeed inventions of the Industrial Revolution period, which began in the late 18th century.

Question 9

Each of the following are inventions which occurred after 1750 (and were thus part of the industrial revolution) except

Accepted Answer

The printing press was invented by Johannes Gutenberg in the mid-15th century, around 1440, which predates the Industrial Revolution by several centuries. The other options, the hydraulic press, spinning jenny, and sewing machine, were indeed inventions of the Industrial Revolution era.

Question 10

Each of the following are inventions which occurred after 1750 (and were thus part of the industrial revolution) except

Accepted Answer

The abacus is an ancient calculation tool that predates the industrial revolution by centuries, while the hydraulic press, electric motor, and water turbine were all inventions that occurred after 1750, during the industrial era.

Question 11

Each of the following are inventions which occurred after 1750 (and were thus part of the industrial revolution) except

Accepted Answer

The printing press was invented by Johannes Gutenberg in the mid-15th century, around 1440, which predates the Industrial Revolution by several centuries. The other options were indeed innovations that occurred during or were significantly advanced in the period of the Industrial Revolution.

Question 12

Standard explanations for why the Industrial Revolution took place in Britain include

Accepted Answer

Secure property rights for commercial and manufacturing property are widely recognized as a key factor in Britain's Industrial Revolution. These rights encouraged investment and innovation by ensuring that inventors and entrepreneurs could reap the benefits of their efforts.

Question 13

Standard explanations for why the Industrial Revolution took place in Britain include

Accepted Answer

The Industrial Revolution in Britain is often attributed to advancements in modern science and technology, which facilitated new inventions and industrial processes.

Question 14

The measured growth rate of output per worker in the United States rose from about ______ percent per year from 1800 to 1870 to about ______ percent per year from

Accepted Answer

The growth rate of output per worker in the United States increased from approximately 0.5 percent per year during the period from 1800 to 1870 to about 1.5 percent per year afterwards. This reflects the acceleration in productivity and economic growth during the Industrial Revolution and subsequent periods of technological advancement.

Question 15

The measured growth rate of output per worker in the United States rose from about ______ percent per year from 1929 to 1950 to about ______ percent per year from 1950 to 1973.

Accepted Answer

The measured growth rate of output per worker in the United States indeed increased from about 1.4 percent per year from 1929 to 1950 to about 2.1 percent per year from 1950 to 1973, reflecting significant productivity and economic growth during these periods.

Question 16

Those of us living in the United States today have a level of productivity and material standard of living somewhere between ______ and ______ times that of our counterparts back in the late nineteenth century.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is D) 14 and 25. This range reflects the significant increase in productivity and material standard of living in the United States from the late nineteenth century to today, taking into account advancements in technology, increases in efficiency, and overall economic growth.

Question 17

As the level of productivity ________, the time it takes an average worker to earn the purchase of goods and services ________.

Accepted Answer

When productivity increases, it means that workers can produce more goods and services in the same amount of time. This generally leads to a decrease in the cost of goods and services relative to wages, meaning workers can earn the purchase of goods and services in less time.

Question 18

In addition to increases in productivity and the material standard of living, modern economic growth also results in enormous __________ ___________; i.e., a shift in the kinds of things we do at work and in the way we live.

Accepted Answer

Modern economic growth leads to structural changes, reflecting shifts in the types of industries that dominate the economy, the nature of work, and lifestyle changes as economies evolve from agricultural to industrial to service-oriented. Cyclical, standard, and reciprocal changes do not capture the fundamental shifts in economic structure and societal organization that accompany modern economic growth.

Question 19

Immediately after the Civil War, about ______ of all Americans were farmers whereas today less than _______ of American workers are farmers and farm laborers.

Accepted Answer

Immediately after the Civil War, about 50 percent of all Americans were engaged in farming in some capacity. Today, the number of American workers involved in farming and as farm laborers has dramatically decreased to less than 2 percent, reflecting significant changes in the economy and advancements in agricultural technology.

Question 20

Modern economic growth is the large-scale shift of employment from

Accepted Answer

Modern economic growth typically involves a shift from agriculture to manufacturing and then from manufacturing to services in terms of employment and economic contribution.

Quiz 5: The Reality of Economic Growth: History and Prospect

Prior to 1500, there were no sustained increases in the material prosperity of human labor because of a combination of

One of the oldest ideas in economics is that _ in technological capability induce _ in human fertility that will inevitably run into natural resource scarcity.

Thomas R. Malthus saw a world in which inventions and higher living standards led to _______ in the rate of population growth.

According to Thomas R. Malthus, faster rates of population growth _ natural resource scarcity and _ productivity.

We no longer live in a Malthusian age because for, at least two hundred years, improvements in the___ of labor made possible by new _ and better ______ have not been neutralized by natural resource scarcity.

The demographic transition sees, first, a in birth and a sharp in death rates as material standards of living increase above "subsistence" levels and then birth rates start to ___ rapidly too.

Demographers believe that the world population has at most _______________ to undergo before the demographic transition will have taken hold throughout the world.

Each of the following are inventions which occurred after 1750 (and were thus part of the industrial revolution) except

Each of the following are inventions which occurred after 1750 (and were thus part of the industrial revolution) except

Each of the following are inventions which occurred after 1750 (and were thus part of the industrial revolution) except

Each of the following are inventions which occurred after 1750 (and were thus part of the industrial revolution) except

Standard explanations for why the Industrial Revolution took place in Britain include

Standard explanations for why the Industrial Revolution took place in Britain include

The measured growth rate of output per worker in the United States rose from about percent per year from 1800 to 1870 to about percent per year from

The measured growth rate of output per worker in the United States rose from about percent per year from 1929 to 1950 to about percent per year from 1950 to 1973.

Those of us living in the United States today have a level of productivity and material standard of living somewhere between and times that of our counterparts back in the late nineteenth century.

As the level of productivity , the time it takes an average worker to earn the purchase of goods and services .

In addition to increases in productivity and the material standard of living, modern economic growth also results in enormous _; i.e., a shift in the kinds of things we do at work and in the way we live.

Immediately after the Civil War, about of all Americans were farmers whereas today less than _ of American workers are farmers and farm laborers.

Modern economic growth is the large-scale shift of employment from

Quiz 5: The Reality of Economic Growth: History and Prospect

Prior to 1500, there were no sustained increases in the material prosperity of human labor because of a combination of

One of the oldest ideas in economics is that _________ in technological capability induce _________ in human fertility that will inevitably run into natural resource scarcity.

Thomas R. Malthus saw a world in which inventions and higher living standards led to _______ in the rate of population growth.

According to Thomas R. Malthus, faster rates of population growth _______ natural resource scarcity and _______ productivity.

We no longer live in a Malthusian age because for, at least two hundred years, improvements in the_______ of labor made possible by new _______ and better ________ have not been neutralized by natural resource scarcity.

The demographic transition sees, first, a ______ in birth and a sharp ______ in death rates as material standards of living increase above "subsistence" levels and then birth rates start to _______ rapidly too.

Demographers believe that the world population has at most _______________ to undergo before the demographic transition will have taken hold throughout the world.

Each of the following are inventions which occurred after 1750 (and were thus part of the industrial revolution) except

Each of the following are inventions which occurred after 1750 (and were thus part of the industrial revolution) except

Each of the following are inventions which occurred after 1750 (and were thus part of the industrial revolution) except

Each of the following are inventions which occurred after 1750 (and were thus part of the industrial revolution) except

Standard explanations for why the Industrial Revolution took place in Britain include

Standard explanations for why the Industrial Revolution took place in Britain include

The measured growth rate of output per worker in the United States rose from about ______ percent per year from 1800 to 1870 to about ______ percent per year from

The measured growth rate of output per worker in the United States rose from about ______ percent per year from 1929 to 1950 to about ______ percent per year from 1950 to 1973.

Those of us living in the United States today have a level of productivity and material standard of living somewhere between ______ and ______ times that of our counterparts back in the late nineteenth century.

As the level of productivity ________, the time it takes an average worker to earn the purchase of goods and services ________.

In addition to increases in productivity and the material standard of living, modern economic growth also results in enormous __________ ___________; i.e., a shift in the kinds of things we do at work and in the way we live.

Immediately after the Civil War, about ______ of all Americans were farmers whereas today less than _______ of American workers are farmers and farm laborers.

Modern economic growth is the large-scale shift of employment from

One of the oldest ideas in economics is that _ in technological capability induce _ in human fertility that will inevitably run into natural resource scarcity.

According to Thomas R. Malthus, faster rates of population growth _ natural resource scarcity and _ productivity.

We no longer live in a Malthusian age because for, at least two hundred years, improvements in the___ of labor made possible by new _ and better ______ have not been neutralized by natural resource scarcity.

The demographic transition sees, first, a in birth and a sharp in death rates as material standards of living increase above "subsistence" levels and then birth rates start to ___ rapidly too.

The measured growth rate of output per worker in the United States rose from about percent per year from 1800 to 1870 to about percent per year from

The measured growth rate of output per worker in the United States rose from about percent per year from 1929 to 1950 to about percent per year from 1950 to 1973.

Those of us living in the United States today have a level of productivity and material standard of living somewhere between and times that of our counterparts back in the late nineteenth century.

As the level of productivity , the time it takes an average worker to earn the purchase of goods and services .

In addition to increases in productivity and the material standard of living, modern economic growth also results in enormous _; i.e., a shift in the kinds of things we do at work and in the way we live.

Immediately after the Civil War, about of all Americans were farmers whereas today less than _ of American workers are farmers and farm laborers.