Some research situations are summarized below. For each situation, which variable is the independent variable and which is the dependent variable? Indicate what level of measurement is being used for each variable.
a. A university's office of academic excellence examines whether high-school grade point averages predict university grade point averages.
b. A manufacturing company explores whether temperature affects orders of its products by retail stores.
c. A professor of a large writing composition class assesses whether students' academic field (engineering, science, humanities, social sciences) predicts how many times they miss class during the semester.

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The Answer of Some research situations are summarized below. For each situation, which variable is the independent variable and which is the dependent variable? Indicate what level of measurement is being used for each variable.
a. A university's office of academic excellence examines whether high-school grade point averages predict university grade point averages.
b. A manufacturing company explores whether temperature affects orders of its products by retail stores.
c. A professor of a large writing composition class assesses whether students' academic field (engineering, science, humanities, social sciences) predicts how many times they miss class during the semester.

Some Research Situations Are Summarized Below