Question 1

The objects of a derived class __________ the original data fields and members of a base class.

Accepted Answer

inherit

Question 2

Classes can be arranged in a hierarchy, with a top-level __________ class.

Accepted Answer

base

Question 3

Objects further down the hierarchy are more complex and less general than those further up.

Accepted Answer

In a hierarchical structure, objects further down the hierarchy inherit properties from those above them but also have additional, more specific properties, making them more complex and less general.

Question 4

The __________ relationship between classes means that every instance of one class is or may be associated with one or more instances of the other class (but not necessarily the other way around).

Accepted Answer

The answer of The __________ relationship between classes means that...

Question 5

A Ford Model-T automobile is in a "has-a" relationship with __________.

Accepted Answer

A "has-a" relationship refers to composition or aggregation, where one object contains or is composed of another. A Ford Model-T has an engine, so the correct answer is an engine.

Question 6

According to the inheritance structure defined by the code fragment below, an Airplane is a kind of Jet_Plane.
class Jet_Plane : public Airplane {
private:
int num_engines;
Jet_Engine jets[4];
// ...
};

Accepted Answer

The code fragment actually defines a Jet_Plane as a specialized form of an Airplane, meaning an Airplane is a more general concept, and a Jet_Plane is a specific type of Airplane, not the other way around.

Question 7

If the execution of any constructor in a derived class does not invoke a base class constructor, C++ automatically invokes the no-parameter constructor for the __________ class.

Accepted Answer

In C++, if a derived class constructor does not explicitly call a base class constructor, the default (no-parameter) constructor of the base class is automatically invoked to ensure proper initialization of the base part of the derived object.

Question 8

In general, it is better to use __________ visibility, because derived classes may be written by different programmers, and it is always a good practice to restrict and control access to the base-class data fields.

Accepted Answer

Using private visibility for base-class data fields is a best practice in object-oriented programming. It ensures encapsulation by restricting access to the class's internal state, thus allowing the class to control how its data is accessed or modified. This is particularly important when derived classes are written by different programmers, as it prevents unintended interactions with the base class's internal workings, maintaining the integrity and reliability of the software.

Question 9

Member functions generally have __________ visibility, so we should be able to access a member function that is inherited.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Member functions generally have __________ visibility, so...

Question 10

Having multiple member functions with the same name but different signatures in a class is called member function __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Having multiple member functions with the same...

Question 11

Suppose two Clock class functions named get_military_time use the following headers:
Std::string get_military_time (int hours, int minutes);
Std::string get_military_time (int hours, int minutes, int seconds);
The get_military__time member function is said to be __________.

Accepted Answer

The get_military_time function is overloaded because it has the same name but different parameter lists, allowing different versions to be called based on the arguments passed.

Question 12

If a member function is declared __________, then when it is called through a pointer (or reference) variable the actual member function will be determined at run time and based on the type of the object pointed to (or referenced).

Accepted Answer

Virtual functions enable dynamic (or late) binding, where the function to be called is determined at runtime based on the actual type of the object pointed to, rather than the type of the pointer or reference itself. This is a key feature of polymorphism in object-oriented programming.

Question 13

The C++ compiler can assign object addresses to pointers at program run-time.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The C++ compiler can assign object addresses...

Question 14

A(n) __________ function is a virtual function that is declared but for which no body (definition) is provided.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A(n) __________ function is a virtual function...

Question 15

Which of the following statements is a valid abstract member function declaration for class Food?

Accepted Answer

The correct choice is D) virtual double percent_protein() const = 0;. This is because in C++, an abstract member function (or pure virtual function) is declared by appending "= 0" to its declaration. The use of "const" indicates that the function does not modify any member variables of the class. The "virtual" keyword is necessary for polymorphism, allowing derived classes to provide their own implementation of the function.

Question 16

A pointer variable (l-value) that is of type pointer-to- __________ class may point to a derived object (r-value).

Accepted Answer

A pointer variable of type pointer-to-base class can point to a derived object. This is because a derived class object is considered a specialized version of the base class, and thus, the base class pointer can refer to it. This concept is fundamental in polymorphism, allowing for dynamic method binding.

Question 17

Given that the Lap_Top class derives from Computer class, which of the following pointer declarations is legal?

Accepted Answer

B) is correct because in object-oriented programming, a pointer of a base class (Computer) can point to an object of a derived class (Lap_Top). This is a fundamental concept that allows polymorphism.

Question 18

If you dynamically cast a pointer to a lower type object, the lower type object is promoted to a higher type.

Accepted Answer

Dynamically casting a pointer to a lower type object does not promote the object to a higher type; it simply allows you to treat it as if it were a higher type, assuming the cast is valid.

Question 19

Complete the header for class Artist, which inherits from both class Musician and class Writer. 
class Artist __________

Accepted Answer

The answer of Complete the header for class Artist, which...

Question 20

__________ is a process that resolves name conflicts by collecting common data fields and member functions into a common base class.

Accepted Answer

Refactoring is the process of restructuring existing computer code—changing the factoring—without changing its external behavior, and it includes techniques like collecting common data fields and member functions into a common base class to resolve name conflicts and improve the code structure.

Quiz 4: Inheritance and Class Hierarchies

The objects of a derived class __________ the original data fields and members of a base class.

Classes can be arranged in a hierarchy, with a top-level __________ class.

Objects further down the hierarchy are more complex and less general than those further up.

The __________ relationship between classes means that every instance of one class is or may be associated with one or more instances of the other class (but not necessarily the other way around).

A Ford Model-T automobile is in a "has-a" relationship with __________.

According to the inheritance structure defined by the code fragment below, an Airplane is a kind of Jet_Plane. class Jet_Plane : public Airplane { private: int num_engines; Jet_Engine jets[4]; // ... };

If the execution of any constructor in a derived class does not invoke a base class constructor, C++ automatically invokes the no-parameter constructor for the __________ class.

In general, it is better to use __________ visibility, because derived classes may be written by different programmers, and it is always a good practice to restrict and control access to the base-class data fields.

Member functions generally have __________ visibility, so we should be able to access a member function that is inherited.

Having multiple member functions with the same name but different signatures in a class is called member function __________.

Suppose two Clock class functions named get_military_time use the following headers: Std::string get_military_time (int hours, int minutes) ; Std::string get_military_time (int hours, int minutes, int seconds) ; The get_militarytime member function is said to be ________.

If a member function is declared __________, then when it is called through a pointer (or reference) variable the actual member function will be determined at run time and based on the type of the object pointed to (or referenced) .

The C++ compiler can assign object addresses to pointers at program run-time.

A(n) __________ function is a virtual function that is declared but for which no body (definition) is provided.

Which of the following statements is a valid abstract member function declaration for class Food?

A pointer variable (l-value) that is of type pointer-to- __________ class may point to a derived object (r-value) .

Given that the Lap_Top class derives from Computer class, which of the following pointer declarations is legal?

If you dynamically cast a pointer to a lower type object, the lower type object is promoted to a higher type.

Complete the header for class Artist, which inherits from both class Musician and class Writer. class Artist __________

__________ is a process that resolves name conflicts by collecting common data fields and member functions into a common base class.

Quiz 4: Inheritance and Class Hierarchies

The objects of a derived class __________ the original data fields and members of a base class.

Classes can be arranged in a hierarchy, with a top-level __________ class.

Objects further down the hierarchy are more complex and less general than those further up.

The __________ relationship between classes means that every instance of one class is or may be associated with one or more instances of the other class (but not necessarily the other way around).

A Ford Model-T automobile is in a "has-a" relationship with __________.

According to the inheritance structure defined by the code fragment below, an Airplane is a kind of Jet_Plane. class Jet_Plane : public Airplane { private: int num_engines; Jet_Engine jets[4]; // ... };

If the execution of any constructor in a derived class does not invoke a base class constructor, C++ automatically invokes the no-parameter constructor for the __________ class.

In general, it is better to use __________ visibility, because derived classes may be written by different programmers, and it is always a good practice to restrict and control access to the base-class data fields.

Member functions generally have __________ visibility, so we should be able to access a member function that is inherited.

Having multiple member functions with the same name but different signatures in a class is called member function __________.

Suppose two Clock class functions named get_military_time use the following headers: Std::string get_military_time (int hours, int minutes) ; Std::string get_military_time (int hours, int minutes, int seconds) ; The get_military__time member function is said to be __________.

If a member function is declared __________, then when it is called through a pointer (or reference) variable the actual member function will be determined at run time and based on the type of the object pointed to (or referenced) .

The C++ compiler can assign object addresses to pointers at program run-time.

A(n) __________ function is a virtual function that is declared but for which no body (definition) is provided.

Which of the following statements is a valid abstract member function declaration for class Food?

A pointer variable (l-value) that is of type pointer-to- __________ class may point to a derived object (r-value) .

Given that the Lap_Top class derives from Computer class, which of the following pointer declarations is legal?

If you dynamically cast a pointer to a lower type object, the lower type object is promoted to a higher type.

Complete the header for class Artist, which inherits from both class Musician and class Writer. class Artist __________

__________ is a process that resolves name conflicts by collecting common data fields and member functions into a common base class.

Suppose two Clock class functions named get_military_time use the following headers: Std::string get_military_time (int hours, int minutes) ; Std::string get_military_time (int hours, int minutes, int seconds) ; The get_militarytime member function is said to be ________.