Question 1

A major advantage of the ____ route is that it allows for the easiest retrieval of a drug in overdose situations.

Accepted Answer

The oral route allows for the easiest retrieval of a drug in overdose situations because the stomach contents can be emptied through induced vomiting or gastric lavage, offering a direct method to remove the unabsorbed drug.

Question 2

Buccal administration means:

Accepted Answer

Buccal administration involves holding the drug between the gums and cheek, where it dissolves locally and is absorbed through the mucous membranes directly into the bloodstream, bypassing the digestive system. This method is distinct from sublingual administration (A), which involves placing the drug under the tongue. Choices C and D describe other methods of drug administration that are not buccal.

Question 3

An astringent:

Accepted Answer

Astringents cause vasoconstriction, tissue contraction, and can reduce secretions, which helps to counteract inflammation and related symptoms. This is in contrast to antiseptics (which inhibit microorganism growth), emollients (which soften and soothe skin), analgesics (which relieve pain), and antihistamines or other anti-allergy medications (which treat allergic reactions).

Question 4

Which body surface absorbs drugs most readily?

Accepted Answer

Mucous membranes, such as those found in the nose, mouth, lungs, and gastrointestinal tract, allow for more rapid absorption of drugs due to their thinness and rich blood supply, facilitating quicker entry into the bloodstream compared to the relatively impermeable and keratinized surfaces of skin, hair, nails, and teeth.

Question 5

Use of the rectal route:

Accepted Answer

The rectal route avoids irritation of the upper gastrointestinal tract and can promote higher bloodstream drug titers than the oral route due to partial avoidance of first-pass metabolism by the liver.

Question 6

The retention enema:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The retention enema:
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Question 7

Parenteral drug administration:

Accepted Answer

Parenteral drug administration involves methods that do not involve the gastrointestinal tract. This includes using syringes and needles, catheters and containers for intravenous administration, and typically results in rapid action of the drug. Once administered, the drug is usually irretrievable, making choices A, B, and C all correct aspects of parenteral administration.

Question 8

An intravenous bolus is generally administered to the:

Accepted Answer

An intravenous bolus is typically administered into large, accessible veins to ensure rapid distribution of the medication or fluid. The cephalic and basilic veins, located in the arms, and the antecubital fossa, the front of the elbow where these veins are often accessible, are common sites for such administration. The vastus lateralis, mentioned in option B, is a muscle in the thigh and not a typical site for intravenous bolus administration.

Question 9

Intracutaneous injections involve:

Accepted Answer

Intracutaneous injections involve small amounts of drug in solution and are characterized by slow absorption, making options A and B correct.

Question 10

Jesse is about to give her first subcutaneous drug administration. Without any further information, you know that the drug will be delivered:

Accepted Answer

Subcutaneous drug administration involves injecting the drug beneath the layers of the skin but above the muscle, allowing for slower absorption than intramuscular or intravenous routes.

Question 11

Intramuscular injections involve:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Intramuscular injections involve:
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Question 12

While aspirating before an IM injection, Jesse detects a slight pinkish tinge to the medication near the needle hub. This means that:

Accepted Answer

A pinkish tinge indicates that Jesse has likely entered a blood vessel, which is not the intended site for an IM injection.

Question 13

Pain at an injection site is more frequently caused by:

Accepted Answer

The diameter of the needle is a significant factor in causing pain at an injection site. Larger needles can cause more tissue damage, leading to increased pain.

Question 14

Which of the following guidelines is not appropriate?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following guidelines is not...

Question 15

Sean is to receive 65 mg of a drug by mouth at bedtime. The drug order may look like this:

Accepted Answer

The correct order is "65 mg PO at bedtime." "PO" means by mouth, and "at bedtime" specifies when the medication should be taken. The dosage is correctly stated as 65 mg, matching the requirement.

Question 16

Venipuncture is used to deliver ____ to dehydrated patients.

Accepted Answer

Venipuncture is a method used to access the veins, and through it, various solutions can be delivered to patients, including electrolyte replacements, normal saline, and dextrose solutions, all of which are used to treat dehydration.

Question 17

The use of hypodermic needles is generally restricted to:

Accepted Answer

Hypodermic needles are typically used for single, small injections (e.g., subcutaneous, intramuscular, or intradermal injections) and phlebotomy (drawing blood from a vein).

Question 18

A butterfly set is often used for:

Accepted Answer

The answer of A butterfly set is often used for:
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Question 19

The veins most often used for initiating IV lines do not include the:

Accepted Answer

The ulnar aspect of the wrist is less commonly used for initiating IV lines due to the higher risk of nerve injury and less accessibility compared to other sites like the antecubital space, posterior hand, radial aspect of the wrist, and anterior forearm.

Question 20

In performing venipuncture, be sure that:

Accepted Answer

The answer of In performing venipuncture, be sure that:
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Quiz 8: Routes of Drug Administration