Question 1

As Sara leaves a lab where she has just participated in a study, she is handed a sheet of paper that explains the study in detail and provides information on who to contact if she has any concerns or negative feelings after the study. Sara is being provided with

Accepted Answer

Sara is being provided with debriefing, which is a process where participants are given full details about the study they participated in, including its purpose and any deception used, and are provided with contact information for any follow-up questions or concerns.

Question 2

Which is the best way to maintain participant confidentiality?

Accepted Answer

Presenting only group-level information in reports ensures that individual participants cannot be identified, thus maintaining their confidentiality.

Question 3

Research Ethics Boards do not allow any deception to participants in research experiments.

Accepted Answer

Research Ethics Boards may allow deception in research if it is justified by the study's value, does not cause harm, and participants are debriefed afterward.

Question 4

It is only necessary to obtain informed consent when your participants are under age 18

Accepted Answer

Informed consent is necessary for all research participants, regardless of age, to ensure they understand the study and agree to participate voluntarily. For minors, consent is obtained from a parent or guardian, but adults must also provide their own informed consent.

Question 5

Guidelines for ethical research can be found in the document entitled ________________________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Guidelines for ethical research can be found...

Question 6

Mariam tells potential participants that, as part of the study, they will have to consume various quantities of hot sauce. If they agree, participants are giving ___________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Mariam tells potential participants that, as part...

Question 7

The disclosure to participants, made at the conclusion of an experiment, that explains the purpose of the study, answers any questions, and resolves any potential negative impact is known as _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The disclosure to participants, made at the...

Question 8

When completing research in more than one culture, it is important to consider all of the following, except

Accepted Answer

The length of the study is generally not a cultural consideration, whereas question order, language, and wording can significantly affect responses across different cultures.

Question 9

When replicating survey research in another culture, one needs to consider all of the following except

Accepted Answer

The number of questions included in a survey is not specific to cultural differences and does not affect the replication of survey research in another culture.

Question 10

In an example of the influence of question order, students in Germany and China were asked about their satisfaction with their studies and with their life as a whole. The question order was varied in both cultures and it was found that

Accepted Answer

When German students were first asked about their studies, it likely primed them to think about their academic life, leading to a higher correlation between satisfaction with studies and life as a whole.

Question 11

When questions are not culturally meaningful, such as when dating is asked about in a culture where arranged marriages are the norm, what type of response is common?

Accepted Answer

When questions are not culturally meaningful, respondents often provide neutral responses because the question may not resonate with their experiences or cultural context, leading to a lack of strong opinion or understanding.

Question 12

What can be concluded about culture and question order?

Accepted Answer

Question order may have varying effects across different cultures, as cultural norms and values can influence how questions are perceived and answered.

Question 13

How do question wording and culture interact?

Accepted Answer

Question wording can influence how people from different cultures interpret and respond to questions, particularly when the questions involve comparisons with reference groups, as cultural norms and values can affect perception and understanding.

Question 14

The textbook discusses a study where bilingual Chinese participants organized objects in a more relational way when they were tested in Chinese than when they were tested in English. The author suggests that

Accepted Answer

The author suggests that the language used during testing may influence how participants organize objects, indicating a relationship between language and thought processes.

Question 15

Researchers are now turning to the World Wide Web to conduct studies. Identify and explain two advantages and two disadvantages of using the WWW to collect data.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Researchers are now turning to the World...

Question 16

Propose a question that could be examined using observational research and describe the type of observation you would use. How could this same question be studied using survey/self-report?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Propose a question that could be examined...

Question 17

Rachel was interested in determining whether customers at the coffee shop tipped more when the shop was crowded or when there were only a few customers. What research method can she use to answer this question?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Rachel was interested in determining whether customers...

Quiz 2: Research Methods