Question 1

At around the age of ten, children have a strong sense of the need for things to be

Accepted Answer

At around the age of ten, children develop a strong sense of fairness and justice, often becoming very concerned with rules and equality.

Question 2

Entering and maintaining friendships requires all of the following skills except

Accepted Answer

C

Question 3

While guiding children's behavior it is important to discourage

Accepted Answer

A

Question 4

The model of operant conditioning, based on shaping a child's behavior through reinforcement of random acts was created by

Accepted Answer

B.F. Skinner developed the model of operant conditioning, which involves shaping behavior through reinforcement and punishment.

Question 5

A term that describes anything that causes a behavior to repeat is

Accepted Answer

A reinforcer is anything that causes a behavior to repeat.

Question 6

Another word for discipline is

Accepted Answer

Discipline can refer to training or guidance that develops self-control, character, or orderliness.

Question 7

School age programs with participants from kindergarten to grade six usually have children who are in either intimate, mutually shared relationships, or one of the following two developmental stages of friendship:

Accepted Answer

Children in kindergarten to grade six typically experience friendships that evolve from one-way assistance, where one child helps another, to two-way fair weather cooperation, where friendships are more reciprocal and based on mutual benefit.

Question 8

The guidance system described in our text consists of children, adults, and

Accepted Answer

The guidance system includes children, adults, and the environment, which influences and supports the development and behavior of children.

Question 9

Five to seven-year old children usually operate on Kohlberg's Level ____ of Moral Reasoning, which means they follow the rules mostly because they want to avoid punishment, or because they think there might be a reward for good behavior.

Accepted Answer

Five to seven-year-old children typically operate at Kohlberg's Level One of Moral Reasoning, known as the Pre-conventional level, where their behavior is guided by the desire to avoid punishment or gain rewards.

Question 10

What is the difference between natural and logical consequences?

Accepted Answer

Logical consequences are structured by an adult to directly relate to the misbehavior, whereas natural consequences occur without any intervention.

Question 11

A logical consequence of being late for school several times in one week might be:

Accepted Answer

The answer of A logical consequence of being late for...

Question 12

Problem solving and conflict-resolution techniques can be taught to children. They can also be ____________, which means that the adults working with the children demonstrate these techniques in everyday events.

Accepted Answer

Adults can demonstrate problem-solving and conflict-resolution techniques in everyday events by modeling them, showing children how to apply these techniques in real-life situations.

Question 13

The natural consequence of forgetting one's lunchbox and not being "rescued" by a parent, would be

Accepted Answer

The natural consequence of forgetting a lunchbox is not having lunch at lunchtime, as it directly results from the action of forgetting.

Question 14

Piaget and Kohberg found that around ____ years of age, children's reasoning changes and they begin to take intentions into account when they determine how badly someone has behaved.

Accepted Answer

Piaget and Kohlberg found that around 12 years of age, children's reasoning changes and they begin to take intentions into account when they determine how badly someone has behaved.

Question 15

Behavior that benefits others, or makes others feel good is called

Accepted Answer

Behavior that benefits others, or makes others feel good is called prosocial.

Question 16

B.F. Skinner defined a "reinforcer" as anything that causes a behavior to be repeated. Which of these situations reinforces undesirable behavior?

Accepted Answer

Promising a whining child a treat if he stops whining reinforces the undesirable behavior of whining, as the child learns that whining results in a reward.

Question 17

How would you describe the purpose of out-of-school care, keeping in mind the Generations theory developed by Laurie Olhoff?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How would you describe the purpose of...

Quiz 8: Understanding and Guiding Childrens Behavior