Question 1

An active enzyme that contains one or more metal ions that are essential for their biological activity is called a

Accepted Answer

Metalloenzymes are enzymes that contain one or more metal ions which are essential for their biological activity. These metal ions can act as cofactors, directly participating in the enzyme's catalytic mechanism.

Question 2

Inorganic substances or minerals required in amounts smaller than 100 milligrams per day that are essential to health are also called microminerals or

Accepted Answer

Microminerals, required in small amounts (less than 100 milligrams per day), are also known as trace minerals. These are essential for various bodily functions.

Question 3

Menstruating women need _________men.

Accepted Answer

Menstruating women need more iron than men due to the loss of blood during menstruation, which leads to the loss of iron.

Question 4

Foods which contain heme iron are_________non- heme iron foods.

Accepted Answer

Heme iron, found in animal products, is better absorbed by the body compared to non-heme iron, which is found in plant-based foods.

Question 5

The type of iron in cast iron skillets is

Accepted Answer

Cast iron skillets are made from metallic iron, but when used for cooking, they can leach small amounts of iron into the food. This iron is in the form of non-heme iron, which is not bound to heme proteins, unlike heme iron found in animal products.

Question 6

Reduced ability to learn, fatigue, and increased susceptibility to infections result when inadequate________is consumed.

Accepted Answer

Iron deficiency can lead to anemia, which is associated with symptoms such as reduced ability to learn, fatigue, and increased susceptibility to infections.

Question 7

Who among the following needs to avoid iron and vitamin C supplements? Persons who have been diagnosed with

Accepted Answer

Persons with hemochromatosis need to avoid iron and vitamin C supplements because their condition causes their body to absorb too much iron, and vitamin C increases iron absorption, potentially leading to iron overload.

Question 8

Consuming too much iron from ________ can cause constipation, nausea and vomiting, and diarrhea.

Accepted Answer

Iron supplements are known to cause gastrointestinal side effects such as constipation, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea when consumed in excess.

Question 9

Adding a vitamin C- rich food (citrus, many fresh vegetables) at a meal ________iron absorption.

Accepted Answer

Adding a vitamin C-rich food at a meal increases iron absorption, especially non-heme iron found in plant-based foods. Vitamin C converts iron into a form that is more easily absorbed by the body.

Question 10

Who among the following persons has the highest need for iron? A female who is

Accepted Answer

A 22-year-old female typically has the highest need for iron due to menstruation, which can lead to significant iron loss each month. This age group is often at a higher risk for iron deficiency anemia compared to older women who have gone through menopause and younger children.

Question 11

When she went to donate blood at the blood bank, Ana was told that her iron levels were low. What should Ana do now?

Accepted Answer

Eating vitamin C rich foods enhances the absorption of iron, especially when consumed with heme iron sources like meat, fish, and poultry. Taking an iron supplement at the recommended dosage is also advised for correcting iron deficiency, making option D the correct approach. Options B and C suggest taking iron supplements at dosages higher than recommended, which can be dangerous and lead to iron toxicity.

Question 12

Which of the following nutrients is widely underconsumed?

Accepted Answer

Iron is widely underconsumed, especially among certain populations such as young children, pregnant women, and females of reproductive age, leading to conditions like iron deficiency anemia.

Question 13

Although grains have higher iron contents than other food groups, the iron in proteins is

Accepted Answer

The iron found in animal proteins is more readily absorbed by the body compared to the iron in grains. This is due to the presence of heme iron in animal proteins, which is more easily utilized by the body than the non-heme iron found in plant sources.

Question 14

Phytates in legumes and cereals ________copper and iron.

Accepted Answer

Phytates found in legumes and cereals can bind to minerals like copper and iron, reducing their bioavailability for absorption by the body.

Question 15

The________of copper is reduced by iron, zinc, molybdenum, calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin C supplements.

Accepted Answer

The bioavailability of copper is reduced by the presence of iron, zinc, molybdenum, calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin C supplements, as these elements can interfere with the body's ability to absorb copper.

Question 16

Pearl has been diagnosed with a copper deficiency, so she should eat more

Accepted Answer

Seafood, nuts, and seeds are rich sources of copper, which can help address Pearl's copper deficiency.

Question 17

The mineral which is part of ceruloplasmin, the cytochromes, and other metalloenzymes; and part of proteins involved in energy production and the synthesis of connective tissue is

Accepted Answer

Copper is essential for the function of several enzymes, including ceruloplasmin and cytochromes. It plays a crucial role in energy production and the synthesis of connective tissues.

Question 18

Menke's disease and Wilson's disease are

Accepted Answer

Menke's disease and Wilson's disease are genetic disorders that specifically affect how the body metabolizes copper, leading to either copper accumulation or deficiency at the cellular level.

Question 19

Copper toxicity symptoms-stomach pain and cramps, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, and liver damage-are likely to result from

Accepted Answer

Copper toxicity is more likely to result from taking copper supplements rather than from eating copper-rich foods. The body can usually regulate copper levels absorbed from the diet, but high doses from supplements can lead to toxicity.

Question 20

The nutrient which is found in very small amounts in almost every cell of the body, but mostly in bone and muscle is

Accepted Answer

Zinc is a trace element that is found in small amounts in almost every cell of the body, with high concentrations in bone and muscle. It plays a crucial role in numerous biochemical processes.

Quiz 13: Trace Minerals