Question 1

Which of the below is an orientation goal of the justice system?

Accepted Answer

A

Question 2

Which of the following is a pragmatic goal of the justice system?

Accepted Answer

D

Question 3

Our system of justice is based on the ________ process.

Accepted Answer

The system of justice in many countries, including the United States, is based on the adversarial process, where two opposing parties present their cases to an impartial judge or jury.

Question 4

The primary state regulatory statute is the ________ that regulates procedure in state courts.

Accepted Answer

The primary state regulatory statute that regulates procedure in state courts is the state code of criminal procedure. This code outlines the processes for criminal proceedings, including how crimes are to be investigated, prosecuted, tried, and appealed within the jurisdiction of the state.

Question 5

Much of the basic criminal law of this country originated from the common law of:

Accepted Answer

The basic criminal law in the United States has its origins in the common law of England, from which many of the legal principles and traditions of the U.S. were derived.

Question 6

Today, the criminal law of the states on a written set of regulations that is largely the result of:

Accepted Answer

The criminal law of the states is primarily based on written statutes and regulations that result from legislative action. Legislatures enact laws that define criminal conduct, establish penalties, and set forth the rules and procedures for enforcing those laws.

Question 7

The least serious category of crime is:

Accepted Answer

An infraction is the least serious category of crime, typically punishable by a fine or other minor penalty, without jail time.

Question 8

The Court rules regulate the ________ of the courts in the areas not regulated by other rules.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Court rules regulate the ________ of...

Question 9

Because of the danger of conviction in a trial by jury, an accused would frequently revert to:

Accepted Answer

Trial by ordeal was a practice used in the medieval period where the accused underwent a dangerous or painful test to determine guilt or innocence, often seen as preferable due to the unpredictable nature of jury trials at the time.

Question 10

Venue is:

Accepted Answer

Venue refers to the specific geographical location where a court case is to be tried. It is about where within a jurisdiction the case is heard.

Question 11

________ is the inherent power of a court to hear and decide a case.

Accepted Answer

Jurisdiction is the term that refers to the inherent power of a court to hear and decide a case. It determines the court's authority to rule on particular matters.

Question 12

This position is, in most cases, the public prosecutor.

Accepted Answer

The district attorney is typically the public prosecutor responsible for prosecuting crimes in a particular jurisdiction, representing the government in criminal cases.

Question 13

The chief law officer of most states is the:

Accepted Answer

The attorney general is the chief legal officer of a state, responsible for representing the state in legal matters, providing legal advice to the government, and overseeing the state's law enforcement agencies.

Question 14

It is the ________ duty to see that all laws of the state are uniformly and adequately enforced.

Accepted Answer

The attorney general is the chief legal officer of the state, responsible for ensuring that all state laws are uniformly and adequately enforced. This role involves overseeing the state's legal affairs and representing the state in legal matters.

Question 15

When directed by the ________, the attorney general shall assist any district attorney in the discharge of the duties of the district attorney.

Accepted Answer

The governor has the authority to direct the attorney general to assist district attorneys, reflecting the executive branch's role in overseeing and supporting the enforcement of law at various levels within a state.

Question 16

The ________ in most states may prosecute any violations of the state law which a superior or district court has jurisdiction when he or she is of the opinion that the law is not being adequately enforced in any county.

Accepted Answer

The state attorney general has the authority to prosecute violations of state law in any county if they believe the law is not being adequately enforced, as they oversee legal matters at the state level.

Question 17

In states that have both district attorneys and county attorneys, the county attorneys are responsible for:

Accepted Answer

County attorneys are typically responsible for prosecuting misdemeanors within their jurisdiction, while district attorneys often handle more serious offenses, such as felonies.

Question 18

To what is the federal trial court referred?

Accepted Answer

The federal trial court is referred to as the District Court. It is the general trial court of the federal court system where cases are initially tried and decided.

Question 19

In many cases, the only contact the average citizen will have with the judicial system occurs at this level.

Accepted Answer

The District Court, often referred to as the trial court, is typically the first level of court in the judicial system where most legal cases begin and where the average citizen is most likely to interact with the judicial system, either as a plaintiff, defendant, juror, or witness.

Question 20

Courts of limited jurisdiction may hear certain types of specialized matters such as:

Accepted Answer

Courts of limited jurisdiction are specialized courts that handle specific types of cases. Probate of wills and estates, divorces, and child custody matters are all examples of specialized matters that these courts may hear, as they require specific legal expertise and procedures.

Quiz 1: An Introduction to the Justice System