Question 1

The advantage of using a __________ for brain imaging is that it produces high resolution images of brain regions without any danger from radioactivity.
A) CT scan
B) MRI
C) transcranial stimulation
D) NMDA
E) PET scan

Accepted Answer

MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) is known for producing high-resolution images of the brain (and other parts of the body) without exposing the patient to ionizing radiation, which is a concern with techniques like CT scans and PET scans.

Question 2

PET scanners are useful in functional measurement of the brain because
A) neural activity is similar in most brain structures.
B) different types of brain lesions produce different behavioural effects.
C) serotonin and dopamine are easily detectable.
D) different brain regions are biochemically active during different kinds of behaviours.
E) hemoglobin reacts to the magnetic fields it produces.

Accepted Answer

PET (Positron Emission Tomography) scanners measure biochemical activity in the brain by detecting areas where a radioactive tracer (injected into the bloodstream) is absorbed, which correlates with different types of brain activity during various behaviors.

Question 3

__________ involves directly stimulating neurons of the cerebral cortex by use of magnetic fields generated outside the head.
A) Magnetic resonance imaging
B) Functional magnetic resonance imaging
C) Transcranial magnetic stimulation
D) Magnetoencephalography
E) Microdialysis

Accepted Answer

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) involves the use of magnetic fields to directly stimulate neurons in the cerebral cortex, which is done from outside the head.

Question 4

In contrast to artificial stimulation that delivers electricity to the brain via an electrode, __________ is a brain stimulation technique that can be used on conscious subjects who can describe their subjective experiences.
A) magnetic resonance imaging
B) transcranial magnetic stimulation
C) magnetoencephalography
D) microdialysis
E) functional magnetic resonance imaging

Accepted Answer

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive method used to stimulate small regions of the brain. Unlike methods that require electrodes to be inserted into the brain, TMS uses magnetic fields to induce electric currents in specific areas of the brain, allowing subjects to remain conscious and able to report their experiences.

Question 5

Limitations of methods of studying the brain include all of the following EXCEPT
A) introduction of a confound in comparison of experimental and control fMRI scans.
B) not being sufficiently cautious when interpreting the functional role of brain regions.
C) generalization of findings beyond the scope of the specific research.
D) failing to recognize useful applications of this research.
E) failing to recognize the importance of interconnectedness of modules in brain function.

Accepted Answer

The limitations of methods for studying the brain typically include issues like introducing confounds, overgeneralization, and misinterpretation of the brain's functional roles, but failing to recognize useful applications of the research is not considered a limitation of the methods themselves.

Question 6

It was a common idea in medical texts until recently that no new neurons are generated in an adult brain. This is contradicted by evidence of
A) DNA subtraction.
B) apoptosis.
C) transcranial magnetism.
D) neurogenesis.
E) neuromodulation.

Accepted Answer

Neurogenesis is the process of generating new neurons in the brain, which contradicts the previously held belief that no new neurons are formed in the adult brain.

Question 7

The creation of new nerve cells in the brain is termed
A) transcranial magnetism.
B) apoptosis.
C) DNA subtraction.
D) neuromodulation.
E) neurogenesis.

Accepted Answer

Neurogenesis is the process by which new neurons are formed in the brain.

Question 8

Apoptosis is
A) the generation of new neurons.
B) the division of stem cells.
C) the death of founder cells.
D) a period of asymmetrical cell division.
E) the migration of neurons to the hippocampus.

Accepted Answer

Apoptosis is a process of programmed cell death, which is crucial for the development and maintenance of healthy tissues. It involves the death of cells that are no longer needed or are damaged beyond repair, rather than the generation, division, or migration of cells.

Question 9

__________ is caused by a chemical signal at the end of asymmetrical division.
A) DNA subtraction
B) Apoptosis
C) Transcranial magnetism
D) Neurogenesis
E) Neuromodulation

Accepted Answer

The answer of __________ is caused by a chemical signal...

Question 10

The area surrounding the neural tube consisting of a layer of founder cells is the
A) anterior zone.
B) ventricular zone.
C) posterior zone.
D) subgranular zone.
E) contralateral zone.

Accepted Answer

The ventricular zone is the area surrounding the neural tube consisting of a layer of founder cells, which are crucial for the development of the central nervous system.

Question 11

The ventricular zone consists of
A) a layer of founder cells.
B) spaces in the brain filled with cerebrospinal fluid.
C) cells that divide only during childhood development.
D) a layer of somatic cells.
E) motor and sensory neurons both differentiated and undifferentiated.

Accepted Answer

The ventricular zone is characterized by a layer of neural stem cells, also known as founder cells, which are crucial for brain development. These cells divide and differentiate to form various types of neurons and glial cells during embryonic development.

Question 12

Founder cells are a special type of
A) apoptosis.
B) neurogenesis.
C) monoamine cell.
D) sensory neuron.
E) stem cell.

Accepted Answer

Founder cells are a special type of stem cell that play a crucial role in the development of various tissues and organs by serving as a source for more differentiated cell types.

Question 13

Stem cells are
A) caused by a chemical signal at the end of asymmetrical division.
B) special neurons only found in the brains of developing children.
C) undifferentiated cells that can divide and produce many different types of cells.
D) differentiated cells that create DNA division.
E) undifferentiated cells that are never subjected to apoptosis.

Accepted Answer

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells capable of dividing and differentiating into various cell types, which is essential for growth, repair, and maintenance of tissues in the body.

Question 14

Neural plasticity would be facilitated by
A) neuromodulation.
B) electrical stimulation.
C) microdialysis
D) neurogenesis
E) neurotransmission

Accepted Answer

The answer of Neural plasticity would be facilitated by
A) neuromodulation.
B)...

Question 15

The central fissure divides the __________ region from the __________ region of the cerebral cortex.
A) medial; dorsal
B) contralateral; anterior
C) anterior; posterior
D) lateral; contralateral
E) left; right

Accepted Answer

The central fissure, also known as the central sulcus, divides the anterior (frontal) region from the posterior (parietal) region of the cerebral cortex.

Question 16

The lobe of the brain located immediately behind the central fissure is called the __________ lobe.
A) temporal
B) occipital
C) medial
D) parietal
E) frontal

Accepted Answer

The parietal lobe is located immediately behind the central fissure, involved in processing sensory information such as touch, temperature, and pain.

Question 17

The right cerebral hemisphere contains how many lobes of the brain?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) the cerebral hemisphere does not contain any lobes of the brain

Accepted Answer

The right cerebral hemisphere, like the left, contains four lobes: the frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes. These lobes are responsible for various functions including processing sensory information, language, and controlling motor functions.

Question 18

The central fissure divides the __________ from the __________ of the cerebral cortex.
A) motor association area ; auditory association area
B) contralateral area; anterior area
C) occipital lobe; temporal lobe
D) primary motor; primary somatosensory
E) left side; right side

Accepted Answer

The central fissure, also known as the central sulcus, divides the primary motor cortex located in the frontal lobe from the primary somatosensory cortex located in the parietal lobe of the cerebral cortex.

Question 19

The primary visual cortex is located
A) at the back of the brain.
B) at the front of the brain.
C) on the left side of the brain.
D) on the right side of the brain.
E) at the top of the brain.

Accepted Answer

The primary visual cortex, also known as V1 or Brodmann area 17, is located in the occipital lobe at the back of the brain. This area is crucial for processing visual information.

Question 20

Which part of the brain receives sensory information regarding taste?
A) the primary somatosensory cortex
B) the primary gustation cortex
C) the occipital cortex
D) the left temporal lobe
E) the left frontal lobe

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which part of the brain receives sensory...

Quiz 4: Biology of Behaviour

The advantage of using a __________ for brain imaging is that it produces high resolution images of brain regions without any danger from radioactivity.

PET scanners are useful in functional measurement of the brain because

__________ involves directly stimulating neurons of the cerebral cortex by use of magnetic fields generated outside the head.

In contrast to artificial stimulation that delivers electricity to the brain via an electrode, __________ is a brain stimulation technique that can be used on conscious subjects who can describe their subjective experiences.

Limitations of methods of studying the brain include all of the following EXCEPT

It was a common idea in medical texts until recently that no new neurons are generated in an adult brain. This is contradicted by evidence of

The creation of new nerve cells in the brain is termed

Apoptosis is

__________ is caused by a chemical signal at the end of asymmetrical division.

The area surrounding the neural tube consisting of a layer of founder cells is the

The ventricular zone consists of

Founder cells are a special type of

Stem cells are

Neural plasticity would be facilitated by

The central fissure divides the region from the region of the cerebral cortex.

The lobe of the brain located immediately behind the central fissure is called the __________ lobe.

The right cerebral hemisphere contains how many lobes of the brain?

The central fissure divides the from the of the cerebral cortex.

The primary visual cortex is located

Which part of the brain receives sensory information regarding taste?