Mismatched bases and other DNA lesions are corrected by mismatch repair. Enzymes cut out a section of the newly synthesized strand of DNA and replace it with new nucleotides.
-Mismatch repair in E. coli distinguishes between old and new strands of DNA on the basis of

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In E. coli, the old DNA strand is methylated, while the new strand is not immediately methylated. This allows the mismatch repair system to distinguish between the two strands and correct errors on the newly synthesized strand.

Mismatched Bases and Other DNA Lesions Are Corrected by Mismatch