Question 1

Mass migration from rural to urban areas, large-scale immigration in the late nineteenth and twentieth century, and mass suburbanization have been the focus of social scientists using the ________ framework for examining urban problems.

Accepted Answer

The functionalist framework examines how different parts of society work together to maintain stability and functionality, including how migration patterns affect urban development and social structures.

Question 2

Mechanical solidarity and organic solidarity are concepts introduced by

Accepted Answer

Emile Durkheim introduced the concepts of mechanical and organic solidarity to describe different types of social cohesion in societies.

Question 3

Mechanical solidarity

Accepted Answer

Mechanical solidarity refers to social cohesion based on shared beliefs, values, and traditions, often found in simpler societies with minimal division of labor, as described by Émile Durkheim.

Question 4

In regard to urban problems, conflict analysts believe that

Accepted Answer

Conflict analysts argue that the upper classes use political and legal means to maintain segregation and control over urban areas, perpetuating class and racial divides.

Question 5

The process by which people renovate or restore properties in the city is called

Accepted Answer

Gentrification refers to the process of renovating or restoring properties in urban areas, often leading to increased property values and displacement of lower-income residents.

Question 6

Loans made available to people who did not have sufficient financial resources to purchase residential property and make monthly payments are called

Accepted Answer

Subprime mortgages are loans given to borrowers with lower credit ratings who may not qualify for conventional loans, often with higher interest rates to compensate for the increased risk.

Question 7

According to urban sociologists, public housing works best when

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to urban sociologists, public housing works...

Question 8

When realtors direct people to different neighborhoods on the basis of their race or ethnicity, it is called

Accepted Answer

Steering is a practice in which realtors direct people to different neighborhoods on the basis of their race or ethnicity.

Question 9

In 2010, it was estimated that collectively cities in the United States will experience approximately how large of a budget shortfall?

Accepted Answer

In 2010, it was estimated that cities in the United States would experience a budget shortfall of approximately $60 billion.

Question 10

Which racial group is most likely to be homeless?

Accepted Answer

African Americans are disproportionately represented among the homeless population in the United States due to systemic inequalities, including economic disparities, discrimination, and lack of access to affordable housing.

Question 11

Fiscal crises in cities result in part because

Accepted Answer

Fiscal crises in cities often occur when states reduce financial support, leading to budget shortfalls and financial strain on city resources.

Question 12

Which of the following statements regarding mass suburbanization is true?

Accepted Answer

The largest wave of mass suburbanization occurred between the end of World War II and 1970.

Question 13

Which of the following factors contributed to the postwar suburban boom?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following factors contributed to...

Question 14

Which of the following statements regarding suburbs is true?

Accepted Answer

Suburbs often have newer infrastructures compared to city centers and generally have the financial resources to maintain them.

Question 15

Which of the following statements regarding homelessness is true?

Accepted Answer

Families and children are indeed the fastest-growing segment of the homeless population in both urban and rural areas, reflecting broader economic and social challenges.

Question 16

All of the following practices have been used by some property owners, real estate agents, and lending institutions to perpetuate housing segregation, EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

The answer of All of the following practices have been...

Question 17

Sociologist Elijah Anderson wrote about the idea that it is possible for diverse people to get along with one another in settings where racial and ethnic boundaries are de-emphasized. This idea is called

Accepted Answer

The concept of the "cosmopolitan canopy" was introduced by sociologist Elijah Anderson to describe urban spaces where diverse groups of people can interact peacefully and civilly, with racial and ethnic boundaries being downplayed.

Question 18

Peripheral nations

Accepted Answer

Peripheral nations are characterized by their dependence on core nations for capital and their lack of industrialization.

Question 19

Susan lives in New York City. She eats many of her meals out and relies on public transportation to get to and from work. According to the functionalist perspective, this is an example of

Accepted Answer

Organic solidarity refers to the social cohesion based on the interdependence of individuals in more advanced societies, where people rely on each other to fulfill different roles and functions, such as Susan relying on restaurants for meals and public transportation for commuting.

Question 20

A national magazine featured Gloria Chow, a single mother, in an article. The magazine reported how Gloria was unemployed for 31 months before she started her own business. After much hard work, she now makes a living wage and supports her children independently. What type of media device is the magazine using?

Accepted Answer

Episodic framing focuses on individual stories or specific instances, like Gloria Chow's personal experience, rather than broader societal issues.

Quiz 16: Urban Problems