The High Likelihood That Multiple Etiological Factors Contribute to Stuttering

The high likelihood that multiple etiological factors contribute to stuttering has led to the proposal that:

A) the stuttering disorder should be viewed as a "pathognomonic monolith"
B) the stuttering disorder may consist of subtypes
C) the stuttering disorder should be modeled with sequential rather than hierarchical components
D) the stuttering disorder will most likely never be explained