All of the following are likely to be conditioned reinforcers EXCEPT a

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Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Conditioned reinforcers are stimuli that have become reinforcing by being associated with another reinforcer. A plate of spaghetti when you are hungry acts as a primary reinforcer because it satisfies a biological need (hunger), unlike the other options which are reinforcing due to their association with social approval or achievement.  Food is a primary reinforcer when we are hungry. Its reinforcing properties are biologically determined.

All of the Following Are Likely to Be Conditioned Reinforcers