In part, the contemporary version of color vision says that

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The contemporary understanding of color vision includes the concept that ganglion cells in the retina combine the outputs of different types of cone cells in an opponent-process manner. This means that certain cells are stimulated by one color but inhibited by another, explaining how we perceive the range of colors.  Ganglion cells combine the output of the three cone types while the two members of each color pair work in opposition by means of neural inhibition. Some ganglion cells, for instance, receive excitatory input from lights that appear red and inhibitory input from lights that appear green. Other cells do the opposite, forming the basis of the red-green opponent process system.

In Part, the Contemporary Version of Color Vision Says That