Question 1

Body mass index (BMI) is determined from

Accepted Answer

BMI is calculated by dividing an individual's weight in kilograms by the square of their height in meters.

Question 2

In women, a waist-to-hip ratio greater than 0.80 indicates

Accepted Answer

A waist-to-hip ratio greater than 0.80 in women is associated with an increased risk for chronic diseases, as it indicates more abdominal fat, which is linked to health risks.

Question 3

Which of the following is considered the most accurate method for determining body composition?

Accepted Answer

Underwater weighing, also known as hydrostatic weighing, is considered one of the most accurate methods for determining body composition because it directly measures body density and calculates body fat percentage based on the principle of water displacement.

Question 4

An apple-shaped fat pattern increases a person's risk for

Accepted Answer

An apple-shaped fat pattern, where excess fat is stored around the abdomen, is associated with a higher risk of metabolic conditions such as type 2 diabetes due to increased visceral fat.

Question 5

Which of the following correctly describes the energy balance equation?

Accepted Answer

The energy balance equation is correctly described when energy intake equals energy expended, meaning the calories consumed are equal to the calories burned, resulting in a stable weight.

Question 6

Up to about how much of our total energy output is attributable to basal metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Basal metabolism accounts for approximately 60-75% of our total energy output, as it includes the energy required for basic physiological functions at rest.

Question 7

George's dinner contains 750 kcal. What is the maximum amount of kilocalories George will expend in order to process this meal?

Accepted Answer

The thermic effect of food (TEF) is typically about 10% of the total caloric intake. Therefore, for a 750 kcal meal, George would expend approximately 75 kcal to process it.

Question 8

Skinfold measurements, underwater weighing, and the Bod Pod all measure

Accepted Answer

Skinfold measurements, underwater weighing, and the Bod Pod are methods used to assess body composition, which involves determining the proportion of fat and lean mass in the body.

Question 9

For men, the risk of chronic disease increases with a waist circumference above

Accepted Answer

A waist circumference above 40 inches in men is associated with an increased risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome.

Question 10

Janine is a 20-year-old college student who is 5'4" tall and weighs 130 pounds. She engages in moderate exercise 3-5 times a week. How many kilocalories should Janine consume each day to maintain her present body weight?

Accepted Answer

To maintain her weight, Janine's caloric needs can be estimated using the Harris-Benedict equation. Considering her age, weight, height, and activity level (moderate exercise), her maintenance calories are approximately 2,127 kilocalories per day.

Question 11

Ben is a 50-year-old sedentary obese man who would like to develop sound weight loss strategies to improve his health. Which of the following is NOT one of the primary components of a sound weight-change plan?

Accepted Answer

Setting a goal to lose a minimum of 4 pounds a week is not a primary component of a sound weight-change plan. It is an unrealistic goal that can lead to discouragement and failure.

Question 12

Which of the following physical activities represents the highest energy cost?

Accepted Answer

Walking at 4 mph generally has a higher energy cost compared to leisure biking at less than 10 mph, cleaning, or light/moderate weight lifting, as it involves continuous movement at a moderate pace.

Question 13

Katherine rows on her school's varsity crew team and practices six days a week. She is 5'7" tall and weighs 155 pounds. What are her daily kilocalorie requirements to maintain her current body weight?

Accepted Answer

Katherine is an athlete who practices intensely six days a week, which significantly increases her daily energy expenditure. The option with 2,961 kilocalories is more aligned with the caloric needs of someone with her level of physical activity to maintain her current weight.

Question 14

A significant percentage of patients with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa have in common a history of

Accepted Answer

A significant percentage of patients with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa have a history of childhood sexual abuse, which is a common factor associated with the development of these eating disorders.

Question 15

How does the FTO gene influence food intake?

Accepted Answer

The FTO gene is associated with increased appetite and reduced satiety, leading to higher food intake and a predisposition to obesity.

Question 16

Peptide YY (PYY) is a protein that

Accepted Answer

Peptide YY (PYY) is a hormone released by the gut after eating, which helps to reduce appetite and inhibit food intake by signaling to the brain to promote a feeling of fullness.

Question 17

Morbid obesity is classified as having a BMI greater than or equal to

Accepted Answer

Morbid obesity is defined as having a BMI of 40.0 kg/m² or higher, which indicates a very high level of body fat that poses significant health risks.

Question 18

In the United States, how is economic status related to health status?

Accepted Answer

People with lower incomes often have limited access to healthcare, healthy food, and safe environments for physical activity, leading to higher rates of obesity and chronic diseases.

Question 19

The surgical procedure for weight loss that involves attaching the lower part of the small intestine to the reduced stomach is

Accepted Answer

Gastric bypass surgery involves creating a small pouch from the stomach and connecting it directly to the small intestine, bypassing a large part of the stomach and the first section of the small intestine.

Question 20

One social factor that encourages overeating or the consumption of excess Calories is

Accepted Answer

Portion distortion refers to the perception that larger portions are appropriate, leading to overeating and excess calorie consumption.

Quiz 9: Achieving and Maintaining a Healthful Body Weight