Question 1

Which of the following is not a difference between cognitivism and behaviorism?

Accepted Answer

Behavioral psychology often emphasizes animal research, while cognitive psychology typically focuses more on human mental processes.

Question 2

More abstract aspects of categories are represented in the

Accepted Answer

The frontal lobe is involved in higher cognitive functions, including abstract thinking and categorization.

Question 3

The exemplar models' approach to "abstraction" argues that concepts are represented by

Accepted Answer

D

Question 4

According to Bruner, cognitive psychology research is limited by its scientific paradigm of

Accepted Answer

Bruner criticized cognitive psychology for being too focused on the computational model of the mind, which he believed limited the understanding of human cognition by not adequately considering the cultural and contextual factors that influence thought processes.

Question 5

Which of the following describe a category according to Bruner?

Accepted Answer

Bruner emphasized that categories help individuals to go beyond the immediate sensory information, allowing them to make inferences and predictions.

Question 6

Which of the following is not specified in rules for categorization of an object?

Accepted Answer

The rules for categorization typically specify the definitive attributes, how they are combined, and acceptance limits, but they do not necessarily state that all attributes are of equal importance.

Question 7

Which of the following accurately describes Bruner's representational systems?

Accepted Answer

Bruner's representational systems include enactive, iconic, and symbolic stages, which are cumulative. Each system builds upon and is used alongside the previous ones, rather than replacing them.

Question 8

Conversing with a fellow airline passenger on a flight to Europe, it is discovered that the passenger is an American, from California, residing in the Bay Area, in the East Bay, in Berkeley, on Benvenue Avenue. The following is descriptive of this information:

Accepted Answer

The locations illustrate a coding system, as each location provides more specific information about the passenger's residence, moving from a broad category (American) to a specific one (Benvenue Avenue).

Question 9

According to Bruner, the goal of cognitive psychology is to understand

Accepted Answer

Bruner emphasized understanding the mind and how it constructs meaning, focusing on cognitive processes and the ways in which people interpret and make sense of the world.

Question 10

A prototype of "abstraction" is which of the following ways of describing abstraction?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A prototype of "abstraction" is which of...

Question 11

American Sign Language is an example of

Accepted Answer

American Sign Language is a form of symbolic representation because it uses signs and gestures to represent words and concepts, similar to how spoken language uses sounds.

Question 12

The relationship between categories and rules is as follows:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The relationship between categories and rules is...

Question 13

Referring to a whale as a mammal is an example of

Accepted Answer

Referring to a whale as a mammal is an example of coding because it assigns a label (mammal) to a specific entity (whale).

Question 14

The stage at which children perceive all men as "Daddy" is the

Accepted Answer

The preconceptional stage is part of the preoperational stage in Piaget's theory, where children begin to use language and symbols but do not yet understand concrete logic, leading them to generalize concepts like calling all men "Daddy".

Question 15

The data collection method upon which Piaget based his theory was

Accepted Answer

Piaget primarily used an interview technique known as the "clinical method," where he asked children questions and adapted his questioning based on their responses to understand their cognitive development.

Question 16

Which of the following was central to Piaget's theory?

Accepted Answer

Piaget's theory focuses on how children adapt to their environment through processes like assimilation and accommodation, forming the basis of cognitive development.

Question 17

What is the relationship of assimilation to adaptation?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the relationship of assimilation to...

Question 18

Piaget's equilibration is a

Accepted Answer

Equilibration in Piaget's theory refers to the balance between assimilation (integrating new information into existing schemas) and accommodation (modifying schemas for new information).

Question 19

According to Piaget, intelligence is

Accepted Answer

Piaget viewed intelligence as a process concept related to adaptability, emphasizing how individuals adapt to their environment through assimilation and accommodation.

Question 20

Piaget's stage theory is characterized by

Accepted Answer

Piaget's stage theory is characterized by increasing levels of adaptation as children progress through the stages, developing more complex cognitive abilities.

Quiz 7: Three Cognitive Theories: Bruner, Piaget, and Vygotsky