A wide variety of species (e.g., ducks, chickens, squirrels) emit an alarm call when a potential predator is detected. Which term best explains such behavior?

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Reciprocal altruism explains behaviors where an organism acts in a way that temporarily reduces its fitness while increasing another organism's fitness, with the expectation that the other organism will act in a similar manner at a later time. Alarm calls can be seen as a form of reciprocal altruism, as they warn others of danger, potentially putting the caller at risk.

A Wide Variety of Species (E