Question 1

Presenting the patient with an actual phobic stimulus, rather than have them imagine it, is involved in:

Accepted Answer

Exposure techniques involve presenting the patient with the actual phobic stimulus to help them confront and reduce their fear.

Question 2

The difference between systematic desensitization and exposure techniques is:

Accepted Answer

Systematic desensitization often uses imagery to gradually expose the patient to the phobic stimulus, while exposure techniques involve direct exposure to the actual stimuli.

Question 3

With regard to fear of flying, which cognitive-behavioral technique was found to have a 90 percent success rate?

Accepted Answer

Exposure techniques involve gradually and systematically exposing individuals to the feared situation (flying, in this case) in a controlled manner, which helps reduce anxiety and fear responses, leading to a high success rate.

Question 4

The technique, _____, involves the patient confronting the phobic stimulus all at once.

Accepted Answer

Flooding is a technique where the patient is exposed to the phobic stimulus all at once, rather than gradually.

Question 5

Based on the study where humor was considered in addition to systematic desensitization, which technique had the greater effect on losing one's fear of spiders?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Based on the study where humor was...

Question 6

To get a horse used to having someone ride it, one technique has been to have someone get on the horse and hold on until the horse stops trying to buck the person due to exhaustion. This technique is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Flooding is a technique where the subject is exposed to a fear-inducing stimulus at full intensity until the fear response is extinguished, similar to holding on until the horse stops bucking.

Question 7

A medical student wants to get used to the incredibly foul smell of the inside of the human body. To do that, the student sits in on a surgery and keeps taking depth breaths until the feeling of nausea is gone. In terms of the cognitive-behavioral approach, this is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Flooding involves exposing the individual to the feared stimulus at full intensity for a prolonged period until the anxiety diminishes, which aligns with the student's approach of taking deep breaths until the nausea is gone.

Question 8

Which technique involves preventing the individual from escaping the phobic stimulus until the symptoms (the undesirable behavior) have subsided?

Accepted Answer

Flooding involves exposing the individual to the phobic stimulus without the option of escape until the anxiety response diminishes.

Question 9

A procedure in which the patient is gradually exposed to the phobic stimulus is called:

Accepted Answer

The answer of A procedure in which the patient is...

Question 10

My girlfriend is terribly afraid of bugs. To help her get over irrational fear (let's face it, humans are much larger than a spider), she goes outside and tries to deal with the fact that there is a spider in the yard. As time progresses, she allows herself to get more and more comfortable with a bug being closer and closer to her. From a cognitive-behavioral approach, she has made use of which technique?

Accepted Answer

Graded exposure involves gradually increasing the proximity or intensity of the feared object or situation, which aligns with the description of her getting more comfortable with the spider being closer over time.

Question 11

To lose one's fear of snakes, one could first get comfortable with seeing a snake through a glass window. The next step could be to see the snake in a wire cage. Next, you could get comfortable being in the same room with a snake that someone else is holding. Then you could get closer and closer till you touch the snake. Finally, you hold the snake. This method is best described by:

Accepted Answer

This method is best described by graded exposure, which involves gradually increasing the level of exposure to the feared object or situation in a step-by-step manner.

Question 12

With recent technological advances, cognitive behavioral therapists have proposed treating patients:

Accepted Answer

Virtual reality exposure therapy is a recent technological advance used by cognitive behavioral therapists to treat patients by simulating real-life scenarios in a controlled environment.

Question 13

Use of virtual reality exposure therapy is thought to be advantageous for a number of reasons. Which is NOT one those reasons?

Accepted Answer

Virtual reality exposure therapy is advantageous because it allows for controlled exposure to phobic stimuli, but the statement that clients get better faster because a virtual stimulus is less stressful than the real thing is not necessarily an advantage; the effectiveness is due to controlled exposure, not reduced stress.

Question 14

Which of the following involves preventing the patient from producing a response that allows avoidance of the feared stimulus?

Accepted Answer

Response prevention involves stopping the patient from engaging in behaviors that would allow them to avoid the feared stimulus, thereby helping them confront and eventually reduce their fear.

Question 15

In order for _____ to be successful, the individual must be willing to eliminate any possibility that they could avoid whatever situation or object causes them anxiety. Knowing that they could "escape" prevents true success in overcoming the maladaptive behavior.

Accepted Answer

Response prevention involves preventing the individual from avoiding or escaping the anxiety-inducing situation, which is crucial for overcoming maladaptive behaviors.

Question 16

Operant conditioning as a method of therapy has been found to be useful in treating alcoholism. In fact, offering rewards to patients has been found to increase the probability of having a positive outcome in which of the following situations?

Accepted Answer

Operant conditioning, which involves using rewards to reinforce desired behaviors, has been shown to be effective in various settings, including treating alcoholism, psychiatric hospitals, and working with children and their parents.

Question 17

A disadvantage of the operant conditioning approach to therapy is that:

Accepted Answer

The answer of A disadvantage of the operant conditioning approach...

Question 18

Bandura's notion of _____ involves the therapist modeling the desired behavior and gradually inducing the patient to participate.

Accepted Answer

Participatory modeling involves the therapist demonstrating the desired behavior and then encouraging the patient to engage in the behavior themselves, aligning with Bandura's concept.

Question 19

Albert Bandura proposed the notion of _____ as a means of developing adaptive behaviors.

Accepted Answer

Participatory modeling, also known as observational learning or modeling, is a concept proposed by Albert Bandura where individuals learn and develop adaptive behaviors by observing and imitating others.

Question 20

In which of the following techniques does the therapist demonstrate the desired behavior and then gradually induce the patient to engage in it?

Accepted Answer

Participatory modeling involves the therapist demonstrating a desired behavior and then encouraging the patient to gradually engage in it, helping them learn through observation and practice.

Quiz 15: Treatment of Psychological Disorders